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Purpose: Multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis requires accurate assessment of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and ventricular changes on brain MRI. Current methods treat these structures independently, struggle to differentiate normal from…

Pretraining on large-scale datasets has been shown to improve transformer generalizability, even for out-of-domain (OOD) modalities and tasks. However, two common assumptions often fail under OOD transfer: that downstream datasets can be…

Neurogliomas are among the most aggressive forms of cancer, presenting considerable challenges in both treatment and monitoring due to their unpredictable biological behavior. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently the preferred…

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) presents a complementary alternative to supervised learning for brain tumor segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly when annotated datasets are limited, costly, or inconsistent. In…

Brain tumors, particularly glioblastoma, continue to challenge medical diagnostics and treatments globally. This paper explores the application of deep learning to multi-modality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data for enhanced brain…

In recent years, the integration of advanced imaging techniques and deep learning methods has significantly advanced computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for breast cancer detection and classification. Transformers, which have shown great…

Brain tumor segmentation remains a significant challenge, particularly in the context of multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) where missing modality images are common in clinical settings, leading to reduced segmentation accuracy.…

Using multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is necessary for accurate brain tumor segmentation. The main problem is that not all types of MRIs are always available in clinical exams. Based on the fact that there is a strong…

Brain tumor segmentation models have aided diagnosis in recent years. However, they face MRI complexity and variability challenges, including irregular shapes and unclear boundaries, leading to noise, misclassification, and incomplete…

Transformers have become prevalent in computer vision due to their performance and flexibility in modelling complex operations. Of particular significance is the 'cross-attention' operation, which allows a vector representation (e.g. of an…

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and head and neck (H&N) cancer is amongst the most prevalent types. Positron emission tomography and computed tomography are used to detect, segment and quantify the tumor region.…

Deep learning models often rely only on a small set of features even when there is a rich set of predictive signals in the training data. This makes models brittle and sensitive to distribution shifts. In this work, we first examine vision…

Automated segmentation proves to be a valuable tool in precisely detecting tumors within medical images. The accurate identification and segmentation of tumor types hold paramount importance in diagnosing, monitoring, and treating highly…

Past few years have witnessed the prevalence of deep learning in many application scenarios, among which is medical image processing. Diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors requires an accurate and reliable segmentation of brain tumors as…

Brain tumor segmentation is crucial for diagnosis and treatment planning, yet challenges such as class imbalance and limited model generalization continue to hinder progress. This work presents a reproducible evaluation of U-Net…

Deep learning-based brain tumor segmentation (BTS) models for multi-modal MRI images have seen significant advancements in recent years. However, a common problem in practice is the unavailability of some modalities due to varying scanning…

Brain tumor segmentation is a critical pre-processing step in the medical image analysis pipeline that involves precise delineation of tumor regions from healthy brain tissue in medical imaging data, particularly MRI scans. An efficient and…

Automated liver segmentation from radiology scans (CT, MRI) can improve surgery and therapy planning and follow-up assessment in addition to conventional use for diagnosis and prognosis. Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have…

A cascade of fully convolutional neural networks is proposed to segment multi-modal Magnetic Resonance (MR) images with brain tumor into background and three hierarchical regions: whole tumor, tumor core and enhancing tumor core. The…

The 2024 Brain Tumor Segmentation Meningioma Radiotherapy (BraTS-MEN-RT) challenge aimed to advance automated segmentation algorithms using the largest known multi-institutional dataset of 750 radiotherapy planning brain MRIs with…