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Related papers: Hitting a prime in 2.43 dice rolls (on average)

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In this paper we analyze the probability distributions associated with rolling (possibly unfair) dice infinitely often. Specifically, given a $q$-sided die, if $x_i\in\{0,\ldots,q-1\}$ denotes the outcome of the $i^{\text{th}}$ toss, then…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-09-21 Douglas T. Pfeffer , J. Darby Smith , William Severa

In 1976, Knuth and Yao presented an algorithm for sampling from a finite distribution using flips of a fair coin that on average used the optimal number of flips. Here we show how to easily run their algorithm for the special case of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Mark Huber , Danny Vargas

A casino offers the following game. There are three cups each containing a die. You are being told that the dice in the cups are all the same, but possibly nonstandard. For a bet of \$1, the game master shakes all three cups and lets you…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Pierre C Bellec , Tobias Fritz

In this paper, the estimation formula of the number of primes in a given interval is obtained by using the prime distribution property. For any prime pairs $p>5$ and $ q>5 $, construct a disjoint infinite set sequence $A_1, A_2, \ldots,…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-11-09 Yong Zhao , Jianqin Zhou

We present a variety of prime-generating constructions that are based on sums of primes. The constructions come in all shapes and sizes, varying in the number of dimensions and number of generated primes. Our best result is a construction…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-03-28 Dmitry Kamenetsky

In this paper we present and expand upon procedures for obtaining large d digit prime number to an arbitrary probability. We use a layered approach. The first step is to limit the pool of random number to exclude numbers that are obviously…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-09-29 Gavriel Yarmish , Joshua Yarmish , Jason Yarmish

We study the phenomenon of intransitivity in models of dice and voting. First, we follow a recent thread of research for $n$-sided dice with pairwise ordering induced by the probability, relative to $1/2$, that a throw from one die is…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-10-27 Jan Hązła , Elchanan Mossel , Nathan Ross , Guangqu Zheng

We show how to simulate a roll of a fair $n$-sided die by one flip of a biased coin with probability $1/n$ of coming up heads, followed by $3\lfloor\log_2 n \rfloor+1$ flips of a fair coin.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-02 Giovanni Viglietta

The problem of creating a three-sided dice with the probability of it landing on each of its sides being equal to 1/3 has been around for many years. Various approaches have been attempted, but as different authors achieved at different…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-01-09 Anton Gaek , Artem Sukhov

We present a new sieve that allows us to find the prime numbers by using only regular patterns and, more importantly, avoiding any duplication of elements between them.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2011-01-21 Fabio Giraldo-Franco , Phil Dyke

We determine the exact probabilities of the different isomorphism classes of tournaments that result from random sets of three and four independent dice drawn from the balanced uniform model of 3-sided dice.

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Kent E. Morrison

An $n$-sided die is an $n$-tuple of positive integers. We say that a die $(a_1,\dots,a_n)$ beats a die $(b_1,\dots,b_n)$ if the number of pairs $(i,j)$ such that $a_i>b_j$ is greater than the number of pairs $(i,j)$ such that $a_i<b_j$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-13 D. H. J. Polymath

We obtain an upper bound for the distribution of primes in the form $n^4 + k$ up to $x$, averaged over $k$ with small square-full part. As a corollary, we show that for almost all $k$, there is an expected amount of primes in the form $n^4…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Kam Hung Yau

We studied two probabilistic models of the distribution of primes in the natural number [1].The paper considers the third probabilistic model of the distribution of primes in the natural number. The author proved that the results obtained…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-30 Victor Volfson

Dickson conjectured that a set of polynomials will take on infinitely many simultaneous prime values. Later others, such as Hardy and Littlewood, gave estimates for the number of these primes. In this article we look at this conjecture,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-03-09 Chris K. Caldwell

Statistical distribution of the primes in an arithmetic progression is considered. The estimation of prime numbers is given and combinatorial methods are used to calculate the twin primes on the available interval. The distribution and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-02-28 Nurlan N. Tashatov , Alua S. Turginbayeva , Serik A. Altynbek

Be d_{m,n} a generic element in the infinite matrix D, with d_{1, n} defined as the n-th prime number and, for any m>1, d_{m, n} = | d_{m-1, n} - d_{m-1, n+1} | When n>1, after the first few terms the columns in the matrix appear to be…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-07-20 Raffaele Salvia

In this paper we study the problem of detecting prime numbers between all consecutive cubes. Firstly, we use a large computation to show that there is always a prime between $n^3$ and $(n+1)^3$ for $n^3\leq 1.649\cdot 10^{40}$. In addition,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Daniel R. Johnston , Jonathan P. Sorenson , Simon N. Thomas , Jonathan E. Webster

There are two basic number sequences which play a major role in the prime number distribution. The first Number Sequence SQ1 contains all prime numbers of the form 6n+5 and the second Number Sequence SQ2 contains all prime numbers of the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2008-01-29 Harry K. Hahn

The chronicle of prime numbers travel back thousands of years in human history. Not only the traits of prime numbers have surprised people, but also all those endeavors made for ages to find a pattern in the appearance of prime numbers has…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-09-27 Tashreef Muhammad , G. M. Shahariar , Tahsin Aziz , Mohammad Shafiul Alam