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Earthquake monitoring by seismic networks typically involves a workflow consisting of phase detection/picking, association, and location tasks. In recent years, the accuracy of these individual stages has been improved through the use of…

Seismic phase association is a fundamental task in seismology that pertains to linking together phase detections on different sensors that originate from a common earthquake. It is widely employed to detect earthquakes on permanent and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Zachary E. Ross , Yisong Yue , Men-Andrin Meier , Egill Hauksson , Thomas H. Heaton

Earthquake phase association algorithms aggregate picked seismic phases from a network of seismometers into individual earthquakes and play an important role in earthquake monitoring. Dense seismic networks and improved phase picking…

The association of seismic wave arrivals with causative earthquakes becomes progressively more challenging as arrival detection methods become more sensitive, and particularly when earthquake rates are high. For instance, seismic waves…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-01-18 Ian W. McBrearty , Joan Gomberg , Andrew A. Delorey , Paul A. Johnson

Reliable seismicity catalogs are essential for seismology. Following phase picking, phase association groups arrivals into sets with consistent origins (i.e., events), determines event counts, and identifies outlier picks. To handle the…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-01-08 Jorge Puente , Christian Sippl , Jannes Münchmeyer , Ian W. McBrearty

Earthquake science and seismology rely on the ability to associate seismic waves with their originating earthquakes. Earthquake detection algorithms based on deep learning have progressed rapidly and now routinely detect microearthquakes…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-12-13 Cheng Shi , Giulio Poggiali , Chris Marone , Maarten V. de Hoop , Ivan Dokmanić

Earthquake monitoring is vital for understanding the physics of earthquakes and assessing seismic hazards. A standard monitoring workflow includes the interrelated and interdependent tasks of phase picking, association, and location.…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-06-27 Xu Si , Xinming Wu , Zefeng Li , Shenghou Wang , Jun Zhu

Seismic phase association is the task of grouping phase arrival picks across a seismic network into subsets with common origins. Building on recent successes in this area with machine learning tools, we introduce a neural mixture model…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-01-09 Zachary E. Ross , Weiqiang Zhu , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli

As the number of seismic sensors grows, it is becoming increasingly difficult for analysts to pick seismic phases manually and comprehensively, yet such efforts are fundamental to earthquake monitoring. Despite years of improvements in…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-08-30 Weiqiang Zhu , Gregory C. Beroza

We solve the traditional problems of earthquake location and magnitude estimation through a supervised learning approach, where we train a Graph Neural Network to predict estimates directly from input pick data, and each input allows a…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-01-18 Ian W. McBrearty , Gregory C. Beroza

Seismic wave arrival time measurements form the basis for numerous downstream applications. State-of-the-art approaches for phase picking use deep neural networks to annotate seismograms at each station independently, yet human experts…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-12-01 Hongyu Sun , Zachary E. Ross , Weiqiang Zhu , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli

The detection of earthquakes is a fundamental prerequisite for seismology and contributes to various research areas, such as forecasting earthquakes and understanding the crust/mantle structure. Recent advances in machine learning…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-07-14 Tomoki Tokuda , Hiromichi Nagao

Earthquake detection and seismic phase picking not only play a crucial role in travel time estimation of body waves(P and S waves) but also in the localisation of the epicenter of the corresponding event. Generally, manual phase picking is…

The path signature, having enjoyed recent success in the machine learning community, is a theoretically-driven method for engineering features from irregular paths. On the other hand, graph neural networks (GNN), neural architectures for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Hans Riess , Manolis Veveakis , Michael M. Zavlanos

To optimally monitor earthquake-generating processes, seismologists have sought to lower detection sensitivities ever since instrumental seismic networks were started about a century ago. Recently, it has become possible to search…

Geophysics · Physics 2019-01-14 Zachary E. Ross , Men-Andrin Meier , Egill Hauksson , Thomas H. Heaton

Seismic waveforms contain rich information about earthquake processes, making effective data analysis crucial for earthquake monitoring, source characterization, and seismic hazard assessment. With rapid developments in deep learning, the…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-10 Weiqiang Zhu , Junhao Song , Haoyu Wang , Jannes Münchmeyer

Seismic intensity prediction from early or initial seismic waves received by a few seismic stations can enhance Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems, particularly in ground motion-based approaches like PLUM. While many operational EEW…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-01 Rafid Umayer Murshed , Kazi Noshin , Md. Anu Zakaria , Md. Forkan Uddin , A. F. M. Saiful Amin , Mohammed Eunus Ali

Earthquake detection and seismic phase picking are fundamental yet challenging tasks in seismology due to low signal-to-noise ratios, waveform variability, and overlapping events. Recent deep-learning models achieve strong results but rely…

In areas with limited station coverage, earthquake depth constraints are much less accurate than their latitude and longitude. Traditional travel-time-based location methods struggle to constrain depths due to imperfect station distribution…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-01-13 Wenda Li , Miao Zhang

Reliable earthquake detection and seismic phase classification is often challenging especially in the circumstances of low magnitude events or poor signal-to-noise ratio. With improved seismometers and better global coverage, a sharp…

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