English
Related papers

Related papers: Prompt-based Conservation Learning for Multi-hop Q…

200 papers

We introduce Prompt Curriculum Learning (PCL), a lightweight reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm that selects intermediate-difficulty prompts using a learned value model to post-train language models. Since post-training LLMs via RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zhaolin Gao , Joongwon Kim , Wen Sun , Thorsten Joachims , Sid Wang , Richard Yuanzhe Pang , Liang Tan

The key challenge of cross-modal domain-incremental learning (DIL) is to enable the learning model to continuously learn from novel data with different feature distributions under the same task without forgetting old ones. However, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Yu Feng , Zhen Tian , Yifan Zhu , Zongfu Han , Haoran Luo , Guangwei Zhang , Meina Song

Continual learning (CL) aims to enable learning systems to acquire new knowledge constantly without forgetting previously learned information. CL faces the challenge of mitigating catastrophic forgetting while maintaining interpretability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Lu Yu , Haoyu Han , Zhe Tao , Hantao Yao , Changsheng Xu

Rule-based models are attractive for various tasks because they inherently lead to interpretable and explainable decisions and can easily incorporate prior knowledge. However, such systems are difficult to apply to problems involving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Leon Weber , Pasquale Minervini , Jannes Münchmeyer , Ulf Leser , Tim Rocktäschel

Prompt learning is a new learning paradigm which reformulates downstream tasks as similar pretraining tasks on pretrained models by leveraging textual prompts. Recent works have demonstrated that prompt learning is particularly useful for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Yue Zhang , Hongliang Fei , Dingcheng Li , Tan Yu , Ping Li

In-context learning (ICL, also known as few-shot prompting) has been the standard method of adapting LLMs to downstream tasks, by learning from a few input-output examples. Nonetheless, all ICL-based approaches only learn from correct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Tianjun Zhang , Aman Madaan , Luyu Gao , Steven Zheng , Swaroop Mishra , Yiming Yang , Niket Tandon , Uri Alon

Continual Text Classification (CTC) aims to continuously classify new text data over time while minimizing catastrophic forgetting of previously acquired knowledge. However, existing methods often focus on task-specific knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Duzhen Zhang , Yong Ren , Chenxing Li , Dong Yu , Tielin Zhang

Multi-hop Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) aims to find the answer entities that are multiple hops away in the Knowledge Base (KB) from the entities in the question. A major challenge is the lack of supervision signals at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Gaole He , Yunshi Lan , Jing Jiang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Knowledge graph (KG) is known to be helpful for the task of question answering (QA), since it provides well-structured relational information between entities, and allows one to further infer indirect facts. However, it is challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Yuyu Zhang , Hanjun Dai , Zornitsa Kozareva , Alexander J. Smola , Le Song

Knowledge distillation has been successfully applied to Continual Learning Named Entity Recognition (CLNER) tasks, by using a teacher model trained on old-class data to distill old-class entities present in new-class data as a form of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zhe Ren

Answering multi-hop reasoning questions requires retrieving and synthesizing information from diverse sources. Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to perform such reasoning consistently. Here we propose an approach to pinpoint and rectify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Mansi Sakarvadia , Aswathy Ajith , Arham Khan , Daniel Grzenda , Nathaniel Hudson , André Bauer , Kyle Chard , Ian Foster

Continual learning constrains models to learn new tasks over time without forgetting what they have already learned. A key challenge in this setting is catastrophic forgetting, where learning new information causes the model to lose its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Federico Di Valerio , Michela Proietti , Alessio Ragno , Roberto Capobianco

Knowledge retrieval with multi-modal queries plays a crucial role in supporting knowledge-intensive multi-modal applications. However, existing methods face challenges in terms of their effectiveness and training efficiency, especially when…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xinwei Long , Jiali Zeng , Fandong Meng , Zhiyuan Ma , Kaiyan Zhang , Bowen Zhou , Jie Zhou

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has demonstrated its ability to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources. However, multi-hop questions, which require the identification of multiple knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuchen Yan , Peiyan Zhang , Zhihua Liu , Hao Wang , Yatao Bian , Weiming Li , Xiaoshuai Hao

Fine-tuning has been proven to be a simple and effective technique to transfer the learned knowledge of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to downstream tasks. However, vanilla fine-tuning easily overfits the target data and degrades the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Junhao Zheng , Qianli Ma , Shengjie Qiu , Yue Wu , Peitian Ma , Junlong Liu , Huawen Feng , Xichen Shang , Haibin Chen

While large language models (LLMs) perform strongly on diverse tasks, their trustworthiness is limited by erratic behavior that is unfaithful to their internal knowledge. In particular, LLMs often fail on multiple-choice questions (MCQs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yoonah Park , Haesung Pyun , Yohan Jo

Large Language Models (LLMs) require lightweight avenues of updating stored information that has fallen out of date. Knowledge Editing (KE) approaches have been successful in updating model knowledge for simple factual queries but struggle…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Dominic Simon , Rickard Ewetz

We employ a tool-interacting divide-and-conquer strategy enabling large language models (LLMs) to answer complex multimodal multi-hop questions. In particular, we harness the power of large language models to divide a given multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Hossein Rajabzadeh , Suyuchen Wang , Hyock Ju Kwon , Bang Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated significant effectiveness in enhancing large language models (LLMs) for complex multi-hop question answering (QA). For multi-hop QA tasks, current iterative approaches predominantly rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Yuling Shi , Maolin Sun , Zijun Liu , Mo Yang , Yixiong Fang , Tianran Sun , Xiaodong Gu

Many models that leverage knowledge graphs (KGs) have recently demonstrated remarkable success in question answering (QA) tasks. In the real world, many facts contained in KGs are time-constrained thus temporal KGQA has received increasing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Chao Xue , Di Liang , Pengfei Wang , Jing Zhang