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High-power laser technologies are essential in precision manufacturing, defense, and scientific research, where accurate control of the beam profile is paramount. Although several beam-shaping methods exist, they often face implementation…

Millimeter-wave communications is the most promising technology for next-generation cellular wireless systems, thanks to the large bandwidth available compared to sub-6 GHz networks. Nevertheless, communication at these frequencies requires…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-02-20 Rana A. Hassan , Nicolo Michelusi

We consider the problem of active and sequential beam tracking at mmWave frequencies and above. We focus on the dynamic scenario of a UAV to UAV communications where we formulate the problem to be equivalent to tracking an optimal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Nancy Ronquillo , Tara Javidi

Conventional antenna arrays rely primarily on digital beamforming for spatial control. While adding more elements can narrow beamwidth and suppress interference, such scaling incurs prohibitive hardware and power costs. Rotatable antennas…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-29 Xingxiang Peng , Qingqing Wu , Ziyuan Zheng , Wen Chen , Yanze Zhu , Ying Gao

We develop the first approximate inference algorithm for 1-Best (and M-Best) decoding in bidirectional neural sequence models by extending Beam Search (BS) to reason about both forward and backward time dependencies. Beam Search (BS) is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Qing Sun , Stefan Lee , Dhruv Batra

This paper studies a multi-target multi-user integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system where a multi-antenna base station (BS) communicates with multiple single-antenna users in the downlink and senses the unknown and random angle…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jiayi Yao , Shuowen Zhang

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) allows a reflection transmission path between a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE). In wireless localization, this reflection path aids in positioning accuracy, especially when the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-14 Wei Zhang , Zhenni Wang , Wee Peng Tay

In millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems, beamforming is needed to overcome harsh channel environments. As a promising beamforming solution, lens antenna array (LAA) implementation can provide a cost-effective solution without notable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-03 Liza Afeef , Murat Karabacak , Hüseyin Arslan

Communication in Millimeter wave (mmWave) band relies on narrow beams due to directionality, high path loss, and shadowing. One can use beam alignment (BA) techniques to find and adjust the direction of these narrow beams. In this paper, BA…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Abbas Khalili , Shahram Shahsavari , Mohammad A. Amir Khojastepour , Elza Erkip

Neural sequence models are widely used to model time-series data. Equally ubiquitous is the usage of beam search (BS) as an approximate inference algorithm to decode output sequences from these models. BS explores the search space in a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Ashwin K Vijayakumar , Michael Cogswell , Ramprasath R. Selvaraju , Qing Sun , Stefan Lee , David Crandall , Dhruv Batra

Hybrid beamforming is a promising technology to improve the energy efficiency of massive MIMO systems. In particular, subarray hybrid beamforming can further decrease power consumption by reducing the number of phase-shifters. However,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Hamed Hojatian , Jérémy Nadal , Jean-François Frigon , François Leduc-Primeau

This paper proposes a hybrid quantum optimization framework for large-scale antenna-array beamforming with jointly optimized discrete phases and continuous amplitudes. The method combines quantum-inspired search with classical gradient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Shuai Zeng

Fluid antenna systems encompass a broad class of reconfigurable antenna technologies that offer substantial spatial diversity for various optimization objectives and communication tasks. Their capability to enhance spatial resolution within…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Jingyuan Xu , Zhentian Zhang , Jian Dang , Hao Jiang , Zaichen Zhang

Beamforming is an effective means to improve the quality of the received signals in multiuser multiple-input-single-output (MISO) systems. Traditionally, finding the optimal beamforming solution relies on iterative algorithms, which…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Wenchao Xia , Gan Zheng , Yongxu Zhu , Jun Zhang , Jiangzhou Wang , Athina P. Petropulu

In reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems, in order to overcome the limitation of the conventional channel state information (CSI) acquisition techniques, this paper proposes a location…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Zhe Xing , Rui Wang , Xiaojun Yuan , Jun Wu

This paper presents DeepIA, a deep learning solution for faster and more accurate initial access (IA) in 5G millimeter wave (mmWave) networks when compared to conventional IA. By utilizing a subset of beams in the IA process, DeepIA removes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-24 Tarun S. Cousik , Vijay K. Shah , Jeffrey H. Reed , Tugba Erpek , Yalin E. Sagduyu

A superdirective antenna array has the potential to achieve an array gain proportional to the square of the number of antennas, making it of great value for future wireless communications. However, designing the superdirective beamformer…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Mengying Gao , Haifan Yin , Liangcheng Han

Enabling the high data rates of millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular systems requires deploying large antenna arrays at both the basestations and mobile users. The beamforming weights of these large arrays need to be tuned to guarantee…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-23 Ahmed Alkhateeb , Young-Han Nam , Md Saifur Rahman , Jianzhong Zhang , Robert W. Heath

Reconfigurable antennas (RAs) utilize the electromagnetic (EM) domain to provide dynamic control over antenna radiation patterns, which offers an effective way to enhance power efficiency in wireless links. Unlike conventional arrays with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Alireza Fadakar , Yuchen Zhang , Hui Chen , Musa Furkan Keskin , Henk Wymeersch , Andreas F. Molisch

The widespread proliferation of mmW devices has led to a surge of interest in antenna arrays. This interest in arrays is due to their ability to steer beams in desired directions, for the purpose of increasing signal-power and/or decreasing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-21 Tarun S Cousik , Vijay K Shah , Jeffrey H. Reed Harry X Tran , Rittwik Jana