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The input tokens to Vision Transformers carry little semantic meaning as they are defined as regular equal-sized patches of the input image, regardless of its content. However, processing uniform background areas of an image should not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Jakob Drachmann Havtorn , Amelie Royer , Tijmen Blankevoort , Babak Ehteshami Bejnordi

Vector quantization (VQ) underpins modern generative and representation models by turning continuous latents into discrete tokens. Yet hard nearest-neighbor assignments are non-differentiable and are typically optimized with heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Haochen You , Heng Zhang , Hongyang He , Yuqi Li , Baojing Liu

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a neural network compression technique that converts a full-precision model into a quantized model using lower-precision data types. Although it can help reduce the size and computational cost of deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Jiawei Liu , Lin Niu , Zhihang Yuan , Dawei Yang , Xinggang Wang , Wenyu Liu

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have become prominent models for solving various vision tasks. However, the interpretability of ViTs has not kept pace with their promising performance. While there has been a surge of interest in developing {\it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yao Qiang , Chengyin Li , Prashant Khanduri , Dongxiao Zhu

Vision transformers (ViTs) have gained popularity recently. Even without customized image operators such as convolutions, ViTs can yield competitive performance when properly trained on massive data. However, the computational overhead of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Shixing Yu , Tianlong Chen , Jiayi Shen , Huan Yuan , Jianchao Tan , Sen Yang , Ji Liu , Zhangyang Wang

Although Vision Transformers (ViTs) have recently advanced computer vision tasks significantly, an important real-world problem was overlooked: adapting to variable input resolutions. Typically, images are resized to a fixed resolution,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Wenzhuo Liu , Fei Zhu , Shijie Ma , Cheng-Lin Liu

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have recently taken computer vision by storm. However, the softmax attention underlying ViTs comes with a quadratic complexity in time and memory, hindering the application of ViTs to high-resolution images. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Chuanyang Zheng

Mixture-of-Experts(MoE) Vision-Language Models (VLMs) offer remarkable performance but incur prohibitive memory and computational costs, making compression essential. Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is an effective training-free technique…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Guangshuo Qin , Zhiteng Li , Zheng Chen , Weihang Zhang , Linghe Kong , Yulun Zhang

We show that robustness to post-training quantization (PTQ) is a transferable direction in weight space. We call this direction the quantization vector: extracted from a donor task by simple weight-space arithmetic, it can be used to patch…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Daniele Solombrino , Antonio Andrea Gargiulo , Alessandro Zirilli , Luca Zhou , Adrian Robert Minut , Emanuele Rodolà

Post-training quantization (PTQ) improves efficiency but struggles with limited calibration data, especially under privacy constraints. Data-free quantization (DFQ) mitigates this by generating synthetic images using generative models such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Jiwoong Park , Chaeun Lee , Yongseok Choi , Sein Park , Deokki Hong , Jungwook Choi

Despite the outstanding performance of transformers in both language and vision tasks, the expanding computation and model size have increased the demand for efficient deployment. To address the heavy computation and parameter drawbacks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xijie Huang , Zhiqiang Shen , Pingcheng Dong , Kwang-Ting Cheng

This paper tackles a significant challenge faced by Vision Transformers (ViTs): their constrained scalability across different image resolutions. Typically, ViTs experience a performance decline when processing resolutions different from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Qihang Fan , Quanzeng You , Xiaotian Han , Yongfei Liu , Yunzhe Tao , Huaibo Huang , Ran He , Hongxia Yang

Segment Anything Model (SAM) exhibits remarkable zero-shot segmentation capability; however, its prohibitive computational costs make edge deployment challenging. Although post-training quantization (PTQ) offers a promising compression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jing Zhang , Zhikai Li , Chengzhi Hu , Xuewen Liu , Qingyi Gu

The nonuniform quantization strategy for compressing neural networks usually achieves better performance than its counterpart, i.e., uniform strategy, due to its superior representational capacity. However, many nonuniform quantization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Zechun Liu , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Dong Huang , Eric Xing , Zhiqiang Shen

We solve a fundamental challenge in semiconductor IC design: the fast and accurate characterization of nanoscale photonic devices. Much like the fusion between AI and EDA, many efforts have been made to apply DNNs such as convolutional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Xinyu Chen , Renjie Li , Yueyao Yu , Yuanwen Shen , Wenye Li , Zhaoyu Zhang , Yin Zhang

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have revolutionized computer vision, yet their self-attention mechanism lacks explicit spatial inductive biases, leading to suboptimal performance on spatially-structured tasks. Existing approaches introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yuxin Mao , Zhen Qin , Jinxing Zhou , Bin Fan , Jing Zhang , Yiran Zhong , Yuchao Dai

When considering post-training quantization, prior work has typically focused on developing a mixed precision scheme or learning the best way to partition a network for quantization. In our work, CPT-V, we look at a general way to improve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Natalia Frumkin , Dibakar Gope , Diana Marculescu

Transformer-based models, such as BERT, have been widely applied in a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, one inevitable side effect is that they require massive memory storage and inference cost when deployed in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Jianwei Li , Tianchi Zhang , Ian En-Hsu Yen , Dongkuan Xu

The Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture has become widely recognized in computer vision, leveraging its self-attention mechanism to achieve remarkable success across various tasks. Despite its strengths, ViT's optimization remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Haoyu Yun , Hamid Krim

AutoRegressive Visual Generation (ARVG) models retain an architecture compatible with language models, while achieving performance comparable to diffusion-based models. Quantization is commonly employed in neural networks to reduce model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Xuewen Liu , Zhikai Li , Jing Zhang , Mengjuan Chen , Qingyi Gu