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Shapley value is a classic notion from game theory, historically used to quantify the contributions of individuals within groups, and more recently applied to assign values to data points when training machine learning models. Despite its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Amirata Ghorbani , Michael P. Kim , James Zou

Shapley values have emerged as a widely accepted and trustworthy tool, grounded in theoretical axioms, for addressing challenges posed by black-box models like deep neural networks. However, computing Shapley values encounters exponential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Borui Zhang , Baotong Tian , Wenzhao Zheng , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Quantifying the value of data within a machine learning workflow can play a pivotal role in making more strategic decisions in machine learning initiatives. The existing Shapley value based frameworks for data valuation in machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Ayush K Tarun , Vikram S Chundawat , Murari Mandal , Hong Ming Tan , Bowei Chen , Mohan Kankanhalli

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) has emerged as one of the most predominant approaches for secure collaborative machine learning where the training data is partitioned by features among multiple parties. Most VFL algorithms primarily rely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Mingxuan Fan , Yilun Jin , Liu Yang , Zhenghang Ren , Kai Chen

Reinforcement learning has achieved remarkable success in complex decision-making environments, yet its lack of transparency limits its deployment in practice, especially in safety-critical settings. Shapley values from cooperative game…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Daniel Beechey , Özgür Şimşek

As security demands increase, the importance of secure computation technologies grows, yet these technologies can often seem overwhelming to practitioners. Furthermore, many approaches focus only on a single technology, potentially…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Marcus Taubert , Adam Skuta , Thomas Loruenser

Hierarchical federated learning (HFL) has emerged as an effective paradigm to enhance link quality between clients and the server. However, ensuring model accuracy while preserving privacy under unreliable communication remains a key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shudi Weng , Ming Xiao , Mikael Skoglund

Protecting sensitive health data while enabling collaborative analysis is a central challenge in healthcare. Traditional machine learning (ML) requires institutions to pool anonymized patient records, centralizing analytical development and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Gaurang Sharma , Juha Pajula , Aada Illikainen , Markus Rautell , Noora Lipsonen , Petri Alhainen , Mika Hilvo

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without sharing raw data, offering a promising path toward privacy preserving artificial intelligence. However, FL models may still memorize sensitive information from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Parthaw Goswami , Md Khairul Islam , Ashfak Yeafi

Federated learning (FL) allows a server to learn a machine learning (ML) model across multiple decentralized clients that privately store their own training data. In contrast with centralized ML approaches, FL saves computation to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Alberto Blanco-Justicia , Josep Domingo-Ferrer , Sergio Martínez , David Sánchez , Adrian Flanagan , Kuan Eeik Tan

Federated Learning (FL) is a paradigm for large-scale distributed learning which faces two key challenges: (i) efficient training from highly heterogeneous user data, and (ii) protecting the privacy of participating users. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-06 Maxence Noble , Aurélien Bellet , Aymeric Dieuleveut

Federated Learning (FL) emerged as a learning method to enable the server to train models over data distributed among various clients. These clients are protective about their data being leaked to the server, any other client, or an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Uday Bhaskar , Varul Srivastava , Avyukta Manjunatha Vummintala , Naresh Manwani , Sujit Gujar

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm enabling collaborative model training while preserving data privacy. In today's landscape, where most data is proprietary, confidential, and distributed, FL has become a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zilinghan Li , Shilan He , Ze Yang , Minseok Ryu , Kibaek Kim , Ravi Madduri

The cost of head pose labeling is the main challenge of improving the fine-grained Head Pose Estimation (HPE). Although Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) can be a solution to the lack of huge amounts of labeled data, its efficacy for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Mahdi Pourmirzaei , Farzaneh Esmaili , Ebrahim Mousavi , Sasan Karamizadeh , Seyedehsamaneh Shojaeilangari

Federated learning (FL) systems are susceptible to attacks from malicious actors who might attempt to corrupt the training model through various poisoning attacks. FL also poses new challenges in addressing group bias, such as ensuring fair…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Viktor Valadi , Xinchi Qiu , Pedro Porto Buarque de Gusmão , Nicholas D. Lane , Mina Alibeigi

Computing the noisy sum of real-valued vectors is an important primitive in differentially private learning and statistics. In private federated learning applications, these vectors are held by client devices, leading to a distributed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Kunal Talwar

With the increasing computing power of edge devices, Federated Learning (FL) emerges to enable model training without privacy concerns. The majority of existing studies assume the data are fully labeled on the client side. In practice,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Woojung Kim , Keondo Park , Kihyuk Sohn , Raphael Shu , Hyung-Sin Kim

The federated learning (FL) technique was developed to mitigate data privacy issues in the traditional machine learning paradigm. While FL ensures that a user's data always remain with the user, the gradients are shared with the centralized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yogachandran Rahulamathavan , Charuka Herath , Xiaolan Liu , Sangarapillai Lambotharan , Carsten Maple

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative training of machine learning models without sharing sensitive client data, making it a cornerstone for privacy-critical applications. However, FL faces the dual challenge of ensuring learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Yenan Wang , Carla Fabiana Chiasserini , Elad Michael Schiller

The pervasive adoption of Internet-connected digital services has led to a growing concern in the personal data privacy of their customers. On the other hand, machine learning (ML) techniques have been widely adopted by digital service…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Jiale Guo , Ziyao Liu , Kwok-Yan Lam , Jun Zhao , Yiqiang Chen , Chaoping Xing