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An exospheric kinetic solar wind model is interfaced with an observation-driven single fluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. Initially, a photospheric magnetogram serves as observational input in the fluid approach to extrapolate the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-04 Sofia-Paraskevi Moschou , Viviane Pierrard , Rony Keppens , Jens Pomoell

Numerical models of the solar wind and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) utilize photospheric magnetic field observations to prescribe the inner boundary conditions for the plasma solutions. These magnetic field data are available to the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-03 Nishtha Sachdeva , Zhenguang Huang , Gabor Toth , Hongfan Chen , Ward B. Manchester , Bart van der Holst

Numerical MHD simulations of 3D reconnection events in the solar corona have improved enormously over the last few years, not only in resolution, but also in their complexity, enabling more and more realistic modeling. Various ways to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-07 G. Baumann , K. Galsgaard , Å. Nordlund

The internal dynamics of the Sun generate magnetic and plasma structures in the photosphere and overlying atmosphere across a wide range of spatial scales. Identifying the critical spatial scale is essential for interpreting physical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-14 Ananya Hore , Prantika Bhowmik

We present in this Letter the first global comparison between traditional line-tied steady state magnetohydrodynamic models and a new, fully time-dependent thermodynamic magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the global corona. The maps are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 Emily I. Mason , Roberto Lionello , Cooper Downs , Jon A. Linker , Ronald M. Caplan

We present a novel global 3-D coronal MHD model called COCONUT, polytropic in its first stage and based on a time-implicit backward Euler scheme. Our model boosts run-time performance in comparison with contemporary MHD-solvers based on…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Barbara Perri , Peter Leitner , Michaela Brchnelova , Tinatin Baratashvili , Blazej Kuzma , Fan Zhang , Andrea Lani , Stefaan Poedts

Compared to quasi-steady-state corona models that are constrained by a time-invariant magnetogram over a CR period, time-evolving corona models driven by time-varying photospheric magnetograms are more realistic and can maintain more useful…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-19 Haopeng Wang , Stefaan Poedts , Andrea Lani , Michaela Brchnelová , Tinatin Baratashvili , Luis Linan , Fan Zhang , Dawei Hou , Yuhao Zhou

On 21 August 2017 a total solar eclipse swept across the contiguous United States providing excellent opportunities for diagnostics of the Sun's corona. The Sun's coronal structure is notoriously difficult to observe except during solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-03 Dibyendu Nandy , Prantika Bhowmik , Anthony R. Yeates , Suman Panda , Rajashik Tarafder , Soumyaranjan Dash

Determining the mechanisms responsible for the heating of the coronal plasma and maintaining and accelerating the solar wind are long standing goals in solar physics. There is a clear need to constrain the energy, mass and momentum flux…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-21 R. J. Morton , E. Scullion , D. S. Bloomfield , J. A. McLaughlin , S. Regnier , S. W. McIntosh , S. Tomczyk , P. Young

The Coronal Global Evolutionary Model (CGEM) provides data-driven simulations of the magnetic field in the solar corona to better understand the build-up of magnetic energy that leads to eruptive events. The CGEM project has developed six…

Time-evolving magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) coronal modeling, driven by a series of time-dependent photospheric magnetograms, represents a new generation of coronal simulations. This approach offers greater realism compared to traditional…

We present a new global model of the solar corona, including the low corona, the transition region and the top of chromosphere. The realistic 3D magnetic field is simulated using the data from the photospheric magnetic field measurements.…

Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) are an important aspect of space weather. SEP events posses a high destructive potential, since they may cause disruptions of communication systems on Earth and be fatal to crew members onboard spacecrafts…

Space Physics · Physics 2018-09-05 D. Borovikov , I. V. Sokolov , I. Roussev , A. Taktakishvili , T. I. Gombosi

The coming decade will see the routine use of solar data of unprecedented spatial and spectral resolution, time cadence, and completeness. To capitalize on the new (or soon to be available) facilities such as SDO, ATST and FASR, and the…

The process by which the Sun affects the terrestrial environment on short timescales is predominately driven by the amount of magnetic reconnection between the solar wind and Earth's magnetosphere. Reconnection occurs most efficiently when…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 N. P. Savani , A. Vourlidas , A. Szabo , M. L. Mays , I. G. Richardson , B. J. Thompson , A. Pulkkinen , R. Evans , T. Nieves-Chinchilla

Recent advances have made it possible to obtain two-dimensional line-of-sight magnetic field maps of the solar corona from spectropolarimetric observations of the Fe XIII 1075 nm forbidden coronal emission line. Together with the linear…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yu Liu , Haosheng Lin

Space weather predictions are necessary to avoid damage caused by intense geomagnetic storms. Such strong storms are usually caused by a co-rotating interaction region (CIR) passing at Earth or by the arrival of strong coronal mass…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-28 Tinatin Baratashvili , Beatrice Popescu Braileanu , Fabio Bacchini , Rony Keppens , Stefaan Poedts

We introduce to the stellar physics community a method of modelling stellar coronae that can be considered to be an extension of the potential field. In this approach, the magnetic field is coupled to the background atmosphere. The model is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-23 David MacTaggart , Scott Gregory , Thomas Neukirch , Jean-Francois Donati

Measurement of the coronal magnetic field is a crucial ingredient in understanding the nature of solar coronal phenomena at all scales. We employed STEREO/COR1 data obtained during a deep minimum of solar activity in February 2008…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-06 M. Kramar , V. Airapetian , Z. Mikić , J. Davila

We aim to reproduce the structure of the corona above a solar active region as seen in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) using a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (3D MHD) model. The 3D MHD data-driven model solves the induction equation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-30 Jörn Warnecke , Hardi Peter