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Matrix factorization is a widely adopted recommender system technique that fits scalar rating values by dot products of user feature vectors and item feature vectors. However, the formulation of matrix factorization as a scalar fitting…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Hao Wang

Recommender system has attracted lots of attentions since it helps users alleviate the information overload problem. Matrix factorization technique is one of the most widely employed collaborative filtering techniques in the research of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-05-06 Yonghong Yu , Can Wang , Yang Gao

As we all know, users and item-providers are two main parties of participants in recommender systems. However, most existing research efforts on recommendation were focused on better serving users and overlooked the purpose of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Qiang Dong , Shuang-Shuang Xie , Wen-Jun Li

Design of recommender systems aimed at achieving high prediction accuracy is a widely researched area. However, several studies have suggested the need for diversified recommendations, with acceptable level of accuracy, to avoid monotony…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Anupriya Gogna , Angshul Majumdar

As a highly data-driven application, recommender systems could be affected by data bias, resulting in unfair results for different data groups, which could be a reason that affects the system performance. Therefore, it is important to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Yunqi Li , Hanxiong Chen , Zuohui Fu , Yingqiang Ge , Yongfeng Zhang

Ranking is a fundamental operation in information access systems, to filter information and direct user attention towards items deemed most relevant to them. Due to position bias, items of similar relevance may receive significantly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Giorgio Maria Di Nunzio , Alessandro Fabris , Gianmaria Silvello , Gian Antonio Susto

Fairness-aware classification requires balancing performance and fairness, often intensified by intersectional biases. Conflicting fairness definitions further complicate the task, making it difficult to identify universally fair solutions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Swati Swati , Arjun Roy , Emmanouil Panagiotou , Eirini Ntoutsi

Fairness of recommender systems (RS) has attracted increasing attention recently. Based on the involved stakeholders, the fairness of RS can be divided into user fairness, item fairness, and two-sided fairness which considers both user and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Yifan Wang , Peijie Sun , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang , Yuan Zhang , Peng Jiang , Shaoping Ma

Algorithmic decision systems are increasingly used in areas such as hiring, school admission, or loan approval. Typically, these systems rely on labeled data for training a classification model. However, in many scenarios, ground-truth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Jakob Schoeffer , Niklas Kuehl , Isabel Valera

We propose a control-theoretic interpretation of recommender systems and use this perspective to analyze how fairness interventions shape long-term system behavior. Fairness concerns arise for both users and creators, ranging from opinion…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Giulia De Pasquale , Sarah Dean , Paolo Frasca

Matrix factorization (MF), a cornerstone of recommender systems, decomposes user-item interaction matrices into latent representations. Traditional MF approaches, however, employ a two-stage, non-end-to-end paradigm, sequentially performing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Shangde Gao , Ke Liu , Yichao Fu , Hongxia Xu , Jian Wu

As a key application of artificial intelligence, recommender systems are among the most pervasive computer aided systems to help users find potential items of interests. Recently, researchers paid considerable attention to fairness issues…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Le Wu , Lei Chen , Pengyang Shao , Richang Hong , Xiting Wang , Meng Wang

Recommender systems are an essential tool to relieve the information overload challenge and play an important role in people's daily lives. Since recommendations involve allocations of social resources (e.g., job recommendation), an…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Yifan Wang , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang , Yiqun Liu , Shaoping Ma

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong potential for medical image reasoning, yet fairness across demographic groups remains a major concern. Existing debiasing methods often rely on large labeled datasets or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Dawei Li , Zijian Gu , Peng Wang , Chuhan Song , Zhen Tan , Mohan Zhang , Tianlong Chen , Yu Tian , Song Wang

Contemporary recommender systems act as intermediaries on multi-sided platforms serving high utility recommendations from sellers to buyers. Such systems attempt to balance the objectives of multiple stakeholders including sellers, buyers,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Harshal A. Chaudhari , Sangdi Lin , Ondrej Linda

How can we build recommender systems to take into account fairness? Real-world recommender systems are often composed of multiple models, built by multiple teams. However, most research on fairness focuses on improving fairness in a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Xuezhi Wang , Nithum Thain , Anu Sinha , Flavien Prost , Ed H. Chi , Jilin Chen , Alex Beutel

There has been growing attention on fairness considerations recently, especially in the context of intelligent decision making systems. Explainable recommendation systems, in particular, may suffer from both explanation bias and performance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Zuohui Fu , Yikun Xian , Ruoyuan Gao , Jieyu Zhao , Qiaoying Huang , Yingqiang Ge , Shuyuan Xu , Shijie Geng , Chirag Shah , Yongfeng Zhang , Gerard de Melo

Fairness in recommender systems has been considered with respect to sensitive attributes of users (e.g., gender, race) or items (e.g., revenue in a multistakeholder setting). Regardless, the concept has been commonly interpreted as some…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Yashar Deldjoo , Vito Walter Anelli , Hamed Zamani , Alejandro Bellogin , Tommaso Di Noia

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated a superior ability to serve as ranking models. However, concerns have arisen as LLMs will exhibit discriminatory ranking behaviors based on users' sensitive attributes (\eg gender).…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Chen Xu , Wenjie Wang , Yuxin Li , Liang Pang , Jun Xu , Tat-Seng Chua

iALS is a popular algorithm for learning matrix factorization models from implicit feedback with alternating least squares. This algorithm was invented over a decade ago but still shows competitive quality compared to recent approaches like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Steffen Rendle , Walid Krichene , Li Zhang , Yehuda Koren
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