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The `operator entanglement' of a quantum operator $O$ is a useful indicator of its complexity, and, in one-dimension, of its approximability by matrix product operators. Here we focus on spin chains with a global $U(1)$ conservation law,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-03-28 Sara Murciano , Jérôme Dubail , Pasquale Calabrese

The operator space entanglement entropy, or simply 'operator entanglement' (OE), is an indicator of the complexity of quantum operators and of their approximability by Matrix Product Operators (MPO). We study the OE of the density matrix of…

In one dimension, the area law and its implications for the approximability by Matrix Product States are the key to efficient numerical simulations involving quantum states. Similarly, in simulations involving quantum operators, the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-06-07 J. Dubail

Relative entropy of entanglement (REE) is an entanglement measure of bipartite mixed states, defined by the minimum of the relative entropy $S(\rho_{AB}|| \sigma_{AB})$ between a given mixed state $\rho_{AB}$ and an arbitrary separable…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-14 Tadashi Takayanagi , Tomonori Ugajin , Koji Umemoto

After quantum quenches in many-body systems, finite subsystems evolve non-trivially in time, eventually approaching a stationary state. In typical situations, the reduced density matrix of a given subsystem begins and ends this endeavour as…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-11-16 Isaac Reid , Bruno Bertini

The complexity of representation of operators in quantum mechanics can be characterized by the operator space entanglement entropy (OSEE). We show that in the homogeneous Heisenberg XY spin 1/2 chains the OSEE for initial local operators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-05 Iztok Pizorn , Tomaz Prosen

Local-operator entanglement (LOE) quantifies the nonlocal structure of Heisenberg operators and serves as a diagnostic of many-body chaos. We provide rigorous bounds showing when an operator can be well-approximated by a matrix-product…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Neil Dowling

It is believed that thermalization drives the reduced density matrix of a subsystem to approach a short-range entangled operator. If the initial state is also short-range entangled, it is possible that the reduced density matrix remains…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-01-29 Huajia Wang , Tianci Zhou

A finite dimensional quantum mechanical system is modeled by a density rho, a trace one, positive semi-definite matrix on a suitable tensor product space H[N] . For the system to demonstrate experimentally certain non-classical behavior,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arthur O. Pittenger , Morton H. Rubin

We introduce the subdimensional entanglement entropy (SEE), defined on subdimensional entanglement subsystems (SESs) embedded in the bulk, as an entanglement-based probe of how geometry and topology jointly shape universal properties of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-16 Meng-Yuan Li , Peng Ye

The fusion rules and operator product expansion (OPE) serve as crucial tools in the study of operator algebras within conformal field theory (CFT). Building upon the vision of using entanglement to explore the connections between fusion…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-07-02 Song He , Yu-Xuan Zhang , Long Zhao , Zi-Xuan Zhao

The problem of entanglement produced by an arbitrary operator is formulated and a related measure of entanglement production is introduced. This measure of entanglement production satisfies all properties natural for such a characteristic.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 V. I. Yukalov

The presence of symmetries can lead to nontrivial dynamics of operator entanglement in open quantum many-body systems, which characterizes the cost of an matrix product density operator (MPDO) representation of the density matrix in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Lin Zhang

We investigate the dynamics of the R\'enyi Operator Space Entanglement ($OSE$) entropies $S_n$ across several one-dimensional integrable and chaotic models. As a paradigmatic integrable system, we first consider the so-called rule $54$…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-08-05 Vincenzo Alba

We analyze the modification of entanglement dynamics in the Grover algorithm when the qubits are subjected to single-qubit amplitude-damping or phase-flip noise. We compare quantum trajectories with full density-matrix simulations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Raphaël Menu , Johannes Schachenmayer

Understanding the spreading of the operator space entanglement entropy ($OSEE$) is key in order to explore out-of-equilibrium quantum many-body systems. Here we argue that for integrable models the dynamics of the $OSEE$ is related to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-14 Vincenzo Alba

How the detailed structure of quantum complexity emerges from quantum dynamics remains a fundamental challenge highlighted by advances in quantum simulators and information processing. The celebrated Small-Incremental-Entangling (SIE)…

Entanglement plays a key role in quantum physics, but how much information it can extract from many-body systems is still an open question, particularly regarding quantum criticalities and emergent symmetries. In this work, we…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-11-13 Zhe Wang , Zehui Deng , Zenan Liu , Zhiyan Wang , Yi-Ming Ding , Long Zhang , Wenan Guo , Zheng Yan

We present a random-matrix analysis of the entangling power of a unitary operator as a function of the number of times it is iterated. We consider unitaries belonging to the circular ensembles of random matrices (CUE or COE) applied to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Romulo F. Abreu , Raul O. Vallejos

We study the \textit{entanglement contour} and \textit{partial entanglement entropy} (PEE) in quantum field theories in 3 and higher dimensions. The entanglement entropy is evaluated from a certain limit of the PEE with a geometric…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-05-17 Muxin Han , Qiang Wen
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