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Nested data structures arise when observations are grouped into distinct units, such as patients within hospitals or students within schools. Accounting for this hierarchical organization is essential for valid inference, as ignoring it can…

Computation · Statistics 2025-08-14 Francesco Denti , Laura D'Angelo

Causal inference on populations embedded in social networks poses technical challenges, since the typical no interference assumption frequently does not hold. Existing methods developed in the context of network interference rely upon the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-12 Vanessa McNealis , Erica E. M. Moodie , Nema Dean

Mixture models extend the toolbox of clustering methods available to the data analyst. They allow for an explicit definition of the cluster shapes and structure within a probabilistic framework and exploit estimation and inference…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-15 Bettina Grün

We propose a novel method for multiple clustering that assumes a co-clustering structure (partitions in both rows and columns of the data matrix) in each view. The new method is applicable to high-dimensional data. It is based on a…

Blurring mean shift (BMS) algorithm, a variant of the mean shift algorithm, is a kernel-based iterative method for data clustering, where data points are clustered according to their convergent points via iterative blurring. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Ryoya Yamasaki , Toshiyuki Tanaka

Research on cluster analysis for categorical data continues to develop, with new clustering algorithms being proposed. However, in this context, the determination of the number of clusters is rarely addressed. In this paper, we propose a…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-09-29 Cláudia Silvestre , Margarida G. M. S. Cardoso , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

Clustering is an unsupervised machine learning methodology where unlabeled elements/objects are grouped together aiming to the construction of well-established clusters that their elements are classified according to their similarity. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-20 Dimitrios Saligkaras , Vasileios E. Papageorgiou

A general framework for dealing with both linear regression and clustering problems is described. It includes Gaussian clusterwise linear regression analysis with random covariates and cluster analysis via Gaussian mixture models with…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-10-13 Giuliano Galimberti , Annamaria Manisi , Gabriele Soffritti

Instrumental variables are a popular tool to infer causal effects under unobserved confounding, but choosing suitable instruments is challenging in practice. We propose gIVBMA, a Bayesian model averaging procedure that addresses this…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-02 Gregor Steiner , Mark Steel

Robustly determining the optimal number of clusters in a data set is an essential factor in a wide range of applications. Cluster enumeration becomes challenging when the true underlying structure in the observed data is corrupted by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-06 Christian A. Schroth , Michael Muma

Finite Gaussian mixture models are widely used for model-based clustering of continuous data. Nevertheless, since the number of model parameters scales quadratically with the number of variables, these models can be easily…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-25 Michael Fop , Thomas Brendan Murphy , Luca Scrucca

Boosting techniques from the field of statistical learning have grown to be a popular tool for estimating and selecting predictor effects in various regression models and can roughly be separated in two general approaches, namely gradient…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-16 Colin Griesbach , Andreas Groll , Elisabeth Waldmann

Learning algorithms that aggregate predictions from an ensemble of diverse base classifiers consistently outperform individual methods. Many of these strategies have been developed in a supervised setting, where the accuracy of each base…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-14 Mehmet Eren Ahsen , Robert Vogel , Gustavo Stolovitzky

Algorithmic fairness in clustering aims to balance the proportions of instances assigned to each cluster with respect to a given sensitive attribute. While recently developed fair clustering algorithms optimize clustering objectives under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Kunwoong Kim , Jihu Lee , Sangchul Park , Yongdai Kim

Traditional machine learning approaches assume that data comes from a single generating mechanism, which may not hold for most real life data. In these cases, the single mechanism assumption can result in suboptimal performance. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Mehmet Efe Lorasdagi , Ahmet Berker Koc , Ali Taha Koc , Suleyman Serdar Kozat

We present a federated learning approach for Bayesian model-based clustering of large-scale binary and categorical datasets. We introduce a principled 'divide and conquer' inference procedure using variational inference with local merge and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-13 Jackie Rao , Francesca L. Crowe , Tom Marshall , Sylvia Richardson , Paul D. W. Kirk

In cluster-randomized trials (CRTs), entire clusters of individuals are randomized to treatment, and outcomes within a cluster are typically correlated. While frequentist approaches are standard practice for CRT analysis, Bayesian methods…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-27 Ruyi Liu , Joshua L. Warren , Yuki Ohnishi , Donna Spiegelman , Liangyuan Hu , Fan Li

From neuroscience and genomics to systems biology and ecology, researchers rely on clustering similarity data to uncover modular structure. Yet widely used clustering methods, such as hierarchical clustering, k-means, and WGCNA, lack…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-20 Magnus Neuman , Jelena Smiljanić , Martin Rosvall

There has been a wide interest to extend univariate and multivariate nonparametric procedures to clustered and hierarchical data. Traditionally, parametric mixed models have been used to account for the correlation structures among the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-02 Jaakko Nevalainen , Denis Larocque , Hannu Oja , Ilkka Pörsti

The stochastic block model (SBM) is a mixture model used for the clustering of nodes in networks. It has now been employed for more than a decade to analyze very different types of networks in many scientific fields such as Biology and…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-12 E. Côme , P. Latouche