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Rarely noted paradoxes and their resolution lead to non-Hermitian behaviors due to boundary terms, even for closed systems and with real potentials. The role played by these non-Hermiticities on quantum mechanical uncertainty relations is…

General Physics · Physics 2021-10-05 K. Moulopoulos

Common intuition in physics is based on the concept of orthogonal eigenmodes. Those are well de- fined solutions of Hermitian equations used to describe many physical situations, from quantum mechanics to acoustics. A large variety of…

Optics · Physics 2018-05-09 H. Lourenço-Martins , P. Das , L. H. G. Tizei , R. Weil , M. Kociak

We introduce a general framework for realizing $\mathcal{PT}$-like phase transitions in non-Hermitian systems without imposing explicit parity--time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry. The approach is based on constructing a Hamiltonian as the…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-18 Jacob L. Barnett , Ramy El-Ganainy

The pseudomode framework provides an exact description of the dynamics of an open quantum system coupled to a non-Markovian environment. Using this framework, the influence of the environment on the system is studied in an equivalent model,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-12 Paul Menczel , Ken Funo , Mauro Cirio , Neill Lambert , Franco Nori

The supersymmetric structure of a generalized non-Hermitian driven two-level system is demonstrated. A unitary rotation turns the Hamiltonian into a more convenient form. After decoupling a set of differential equations, the supersymmetric…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Ivan A. Bocanegra-Garay , Luis M. Nieto

In this work we intend to study a class of time-dependent quantum systems with non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, particularly those whose Hermitian counterpart are important for the comprehension of posed problems in quantum optics and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. de Souza Dutra , M. B. Hott , V. G. C. S dos Santos

The non-Hermitian paradigm of quantum systems displays salient features drastically different from Hermitian counterparts. In this work, we focus on one such aspect, the difference of evolving quantum ensembles under $H_{\mathrm{nh}}$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Soumik Bandyopadhyay , Philipp Hauke , Sudipto Singha Roy

Current studies about the continuous-variable systems in non-Hermitian quantum mechanics heavily revolved around the singularities in the eigenspectrum by mimicking their discrete-variable counterparts. Discussions over the nonunitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Zhu-yao Jin , Jun Jing

From the principle that there is no absolute description of a physical state, we advance the approach according to which one should be able to describe the physics from the perspective of a quantum particle. The kinematics seen from this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-02 R. M. Angelo , A. D. Ribeiro

In recent years, non-Hermitian phases in classical and quantum systems have garnered significant attention. In particular, their intriguing band geometry offers a platform for exploring unique topological states and unconventional quantum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Ayan Banerjee , Arka Bandyopadhyay , Ronika Sarkar , Awadhesh Narayan

Non-Hermitian photonic lattices combine the peculiar consequences of energy non-conservation with the physics of bandstructures, giving rise to a variety of exotic properties not found in conventional materials or photonic metamaterials. In…

Optics · Physics 2023-05-17 Qiang Wang , Y. D. Chong

Interacting and open quantum systems can be formulated in terms of an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian (NHH), however, there are important constraints that must be satisfied by the effective action and the associated Green's functions.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Aaron Kleger , Rufus Boyack

We discuss how introducing an equilibrium frame, in which a given Hamiltonian has balanced loss and gain terms, can reveal PT symmetry hidden in non-Hermitian Hamiltonians of dissipative systems. Passive PT-symmetric Hamiltonians, in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-16 Grzegorz Chimczak , Anna Kowalewska-Kudłaszyk , Ewelina Lange , Karol Bartkiewicz

In this paper, variational techniques are used to analyze the dynamics of nonholonomic mechanical systems with impacts. Implicit nonholonomic smooth Lagrangian and Hamiltonian systems are extended to a nonsmooth context appropriate for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-12-05 Álvaro Rodríguez Abella , Leonardo Colombo

Quantum computing's potential for exponential speedup is fundamentally limited by decoherence, a phenomenon arising from environmental interactions. Non-Hermitian quantum mechanics, particularly $PT$-symmetric systems, offers a novel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Duttatreya , Ipsika Mohanty , Sanjib Dey

We review analyses of open quantum systems. We show how non-Hermiticity arises in an open quantum system with an infinite environment, focusing on the one-body problem. One of the reasons for taking the present approach is that we can solve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Naomichi Hatano , Gonzalo Ordonez

The amplitude of resonant oscillations in a non-Hermitian environment can either decay or grow in time, corresponding to a mode with either loss or gain. When two coupled modes have a specific difference between their loss or gain, a…

Classical Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 N. J. Lambert , A. Schumer , J. J. Longdell , S. Rotter , H. G. L. Schwefel

Non-Hermiticity in quantum Hamiltonians leads to nonunitary time evolution and possibly complex energy eigenvalues, which can lead to a rich phenomenology with no Hermitian counterpart. In this work, we study the dynamics of an exactly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Karin Sim , Nicolò Defenu , Paolo Molignini , R. Chitra

In principle, non-Hermitian quantum equations of motion can be formulated using as a starting point either the Heisenberg's or the Schr\"odinger's picture of quantum dynamics. Here it is shown in both cases how to map the algebra of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-07 Alessandro Sergi

This is a review paper concerned with the global consistency of the quantum dynamics of non-commutative systems. Our point of departure is the theory of constrained systems, since it provides a unified description of the classical and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-13 F. S. Bemfica , H. O. Girotti