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The Mathieu operator {equation*} L(y)=-y"+2a \cos{(2x)}y, \quad a\in \mathbb{C},\;a\neq 0, {equation*} considered with periodic or anti-periodic boundary conditions has, close to $n^2$ for large enough $n$, two periodic (if $n$ is even) or…

For a given element $f\in L^1$ and a convex cone $C\subset L^\infty$, $C\cap L^\infty_+=\{0\}$ we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an element $g\ge f$ lying in the polar of $C$. This polar is taken in…

In this paper, we establish a simple criterion for two $L$-functions $L_1$ and $L_2$ satisfying a functional equation (and some natural assumptions) to have infinitely many distinct zeros. Some related questions have already been answered…

We develop a local theory of lacunary Dirichlet series of the form $\sum\limits_{k=1}^{\infty}c_k\exp(-zg(k)), \Re(z)>0$ as $z$ approaches the boundary $i\RR$, under the assumption $g'\to\infty$ and further assumptions on $c_k$. These…

Let $X$ be a closed, connected, oriented surface of genus $g$, with a hyperbolic metric chosen at random according to the Weil--Petersson measure on the moduli space of Riemannian metrics. Let $\lambda_1=\lambda_1(X)$ bethe first non-zero…

Let $G$ be a locally compact abelian topological group. For locally bounded measurable functions $\varphi: G\to\Bbb {C}$ we discuss notions of spectra for $\varphi$ relative to subalgebras of $L^{1}(G)$. In particular we study polynomials…

We develop a linear theory of very weak solutions for nonlocal eigenvalue problems $\mathcal L u = \lambda u + f$ involving integro-differential operators posed in bounded domains with homogeneous Dirichlet exterior condition, with and…

We consider the Schr\"odinger operator $$-\frac{d^2}{d x^2} + V \qquad \mbox{on an interval}~~[a,b]~\mbox{with Dirichlet boundary conditions},$$ where $V$ is bounded from below and prove a lower bound on the first eigenvalue $\lambda_1$ in…

If one thinks of a Riemannian metric, $g_1$, analogously as the gradient of the corresponding distance function, $d_1$, with respect to a background Riemannian metric, $g_0$, then a natural question arises as to whether a corresponding…

We consider the steady fractional Schr\"odinger equation $L u + V u = f$ posed on a bounded domain $\Omega$; $L$ is an integro-differential operator, like the usual versions of the fractional Laplacian $(-\Delta)^s$; $V\ge 0$ is a potential…

We present an overview of bounds on zeros of $L$-functions and obtain some improvements under weak conjectures related to the Goldbach problem.

Let $(E,\mathcal F,\mu)$ be a probability space, and let $P$ be a Markov operator on $L^2(\mu)$ with $1$ a simple eigenvalue such that $\mu P=\mu$ (i.e. $\mu$ is an invariant probability measure of $P$). Then $\hat P:=\ff 1 2 (P+P^*)$ has a…

We study existence of minimizers of the least gradient problem \[\inf_{v \in BV_g} \int_{\Omega}\varphi(x, Dv),\] where $BV_g=\{v \in BV(\Omega): \int_{\partial \Omega}gv=1\}$, $\varphi(x,p): \Omega\times \R^n \rightarrow \R$ is a convex,…

Zhikov showed 1986 with his famous checkerboard example that functionals with variable exponents can have a Lavrentiev gap. For this example it was crucial that the exponent had a saddle point whose value was exactly the dimension. In 1997…

The paper considers a boundary value problem for the high-order Lavrent'ev-Bitsadze equation. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of the solution are found. When substantiating the existence, the problem of "small…

We study functions of two variables whose sections by the lines parallel to the coordinate axis satisfy Lipschitz condition of the order $0<\a\le 1.$ We prove that if for a function $f$ the $\operatorname{Lip} \a-$ norms of these sections…

Let us consider the following minimum problem \[ \lambda_\alpha(p,r)= \min_{\substack{u\in W_{0}^{1,p}(-1,1)\\ u\not\equiv0}}\dfrac{\displaystyle\int_{-1}^{1}|u'|^{p}dx+\alpha\left|\int_{-1}^{1}|u|^{r-1}u\, dx\right|^{\frac…

We use localized topologies to prove existence and optimal regularity results for the divergence equation $\mathrm{div} (v) = F$ in critical cases $v \in L_1(\Omega;\mathbb{R}^m)$ or $v \in C_0(\Omega;\mathbb{R}^m)$, i.e. we characterize…

We consider the averages of a function $ f$ on $ \mathbb R ^{n}$ over spheres of radius $ 0< r< \infty $ given by $ A_{r} f (x) = \int_{\mathbb S ^{n-1}} f (x-r y) \; d \sigma (y)$, where $ \sigma $ is the normalized rotation invariant…

We characterize the existence of the $L^1$ solutions of the truncated moments problem in several real variables on unbounded supports by the existence of the maximum of certain concave Lagrangian functions. A natural regularity assumption…