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Graph neural networks have been widely used on modeling graph data, achieving impressive results on node classification and link prediction tasks. Yet, obtaining an accurate representation for a graph further requires a pooling function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Jinheon Baek , Minki Kang , Sung Ju Hwang

We propose a deep Graph Neural Network (GNN) model that alternates two types of layers. The first type is inspired by Reservoir Computing (RC) and generates new vertex features by iterating a non-linear map until it converges to a fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Filippo Maria Bianchi , Claudio Gallicchio , Alessio Micheli

Graph Pooling technology plays an important role in graph node classification tasks. Sorting pooling technologies maintain large-value units for pooling graphs of varying sizes. However, by analyzing the statistical characteristic of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Hao Xu , Jia Liu , Yang Shen , Kenan Lou , Yanxia Bao , Ruihua Zhang , Shuyue Zhou , Hongsen Zhao , Shuai Wang

Graph classification is a challenging problem owing to the difficulty in quantifying the similarity between graphs or representing graphs as vectors, though there have been a few methods using graph kernels or graph neural networks (GNNs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Zixiao Wang , Jicong Fan

While graph neural networks (GNNs) have been successful for node classification tasks and link prediction tasks in graph, learning graph-level representations still remains a challenge. For the graph-level representation, it is important to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Sangseon Lee , Dohoon Lee , Yinhua Piao , Sun Kim

Pooling operations have shown to be effective on computer vision and natural language processing tasks. One challenge of performing pooling operations on graph data is the lack of locality that is not well-defined on graphs. Previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Hongyang Gao , Yi Liu , Shuiwang Ji

Graph neural networks (GNNs) based methods have achieved impressive performance on node clustering task. However, they are designed on the homophilic assumption of graph and clustering on heterophilic graph is overlooked. Due to the lack of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Erlin Pan , Zhao Kang

Graph-based clustering plays an important role in the clustering area. Recent studies about graph convolution neural networks have achieved impressive success on graph type data. However, in general clustering tasks, the graph structure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Xuelong Li , Hongyuan Zhang , Rui Zhang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) extends the functionality of traditional neural networks to graph-structured data. Similar to CNNs, an optimized design of graph convolution and pooling is key to success. Borrowing ideas from physics, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Zheng Ma , Junyu Xuan , Yu Guang Wang , Ming Li , Pietro Lio

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have proven effective for learning from graph-structured data through their neighborhood-based message passing framework. Many hierarchical graph clustering pooling methods modify this framework by introducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Yipeng Zhang , Longlong Li , Kelin Xia

Graph neural network (GNN)-based graph learning has been popular in natural language and programming language processing, particularly in text and source code classification. Typically, GNNs are constructed by incorporating alternating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Zeming Dong , Qiang Hu , Zhenya Zhang , Yuejun Guo , Maxime Cordy , Mike Papadakis , Yves Le Traon , Jianjun Zhao

Graph clustering is a fundamental computational problem with a number of applications in algorithm design, machine learning, data mining, and analysis of social networks. Over the past decades, researchers have proposed a number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-12 He Sun , Luca Zanetti

Graph neural networks (GNN) has been demonstrated to be effective in classifying graph structures. To further improve the graph representation learning ability, hierarchical GNN has been explored. It leverages the differentiable pooling to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-19 Kaixiong Zhou , Qingquan Song , Xiao Huang , Daochen Zha , Na Zou , Xia Hu

Graph pooling is commonly applied in graph classification, yet its empirical gains over standard WL-1 expressive GNNs are often marginal or inconsistent. We study this gap by analysing the interaction between node features and graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jan von Pichowski , Alžbeta Hrabošová , Ingo Scholtes , Christopher Blöcker

Advanced methods of applying deep learning to structured data such as graphs have been proposed in recent years. In particular, studies have focused on generalizing convolutional neural networks to graph data, which includes redefining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-14 Junhyun Lee , Inyeop Lee , Jaewoo Kang

Graph Neural Network (GNN) research has concentrated on improving convolutional layers, with little attention paid to developing graph pooling layers. Yet pooling layers can enable GNNs to reason over abstracted groups of nodes instead of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Frederik Diehl

Over-squashing and over-smoothing are two critical issues, that limit the capabilities of graph neural networks (GNNs). While over-smoothing eliminates the differences between nodes making them indistinguishable, over-squashing refers to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Cedric Sanders , Andreas Roth , Thomas Liebig

Fine-grained geometry, captured by aggregation of point features in local regions, is crucial for object recognition and scene understanding in point clouds. Nevertheless, existing preeminent point cloud backbones usually incorporate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Jie Wang , Jianan Li , Lihe Ding , Ying Wang , Tingfa Xu

The integration of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising paradigm for Graph Question Answering (GraphQA). However, effective methods for encoding complex structural information into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ankit Grover , Lodovico Giaretta , Rémi Bourgerie , Sarunas Girdzijauskas

Graphs serve as fundamental descriptors for systems composed of interacting elements, capturing a wide array of data types, from molecular interactions to social networks and knowledge graphs. In this paper, we present an exhaustive review…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Chenqing Hua