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The conventional paradigm of quantum computing is discrete: it utilizes discrete sets of gates to realize bitstring-to-bitstring mappings, some of them arguably intractable for classical computers. In parameterized quantum approaches, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Adrián Pérez-Salinas , Mahtab Yaghubi Rad , Alice Barthe , Vedran Dunjko

We propose a new cryptographic protocol. It is suggested to encode information in ordinary binary form into many-qubit entangled states with the help of a quantum computer. A state of qubits (realized, e.g., with photons) is transmitted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 K. V. Bayandin , G. B. Lesovik

We show that a unitary operation (quantum circuit) secretely chosen from a finite set of unitary operations can be determined with certainty by sequentially applying only a finite amount of runs of the unknown circuit. No entanglement or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Runyao Duan , Yuan Feng , Mingsheng Ying

Identification of possible transformations of quantum objects including quantum states and quantum operations is indispensable in developing quantum algorithms. Universal transformations, defined as input-independent transformations, appear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Satoshi Yoshida , Akihito Soeda , Mio Murao

In general, a quantum measurement yields an undetermined answer and alters the system to be consistent with the measurement result. This process maps multiple initial states into a single state and thus cannot be reversed. This has…

We study the remote implementation of a unitary transformation on a qubit. We show the existence of non-trivial protocols (i.e., using less resources than bidirectional state teleportation) which allow the perfect remote implementation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. F. Huelga , M. B. Plenio , J. A. Vaccaro

Quantum gates executed on physical hardware are inevitably degraded by environmental noise. While state purification effectively distills static quantum resources, the dynamic execution of quantum algorithms requires a higher-order approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Jiayi Zhao , Yu-Ao Chen , Guocheng Zhen , Chengkai Zhu , Ranyiliu Chen , Xin Wang

In an ordinary quantum algorithm the gates are applied in a fixed order on the systems. The introduction of indefinite causal structures allows to relax this constraint and control the order of the gates with an additional quantum state. It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 Martin J. Renner , Časlav Brukner

We consider the task of deciding whether an unknown qubit state falls in a prescribed neighborhood of a reference state. We assume that several copies of the unknown state are given and apply a unitary operation pairwise on them combined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-27 Orsolya Kálmán , Tamás Kiss

Quantum computing can provide speedups in solving many problems as the evolution of a quantum system is described by a unitary operator in an exponentially large Hilbert space. Such unitary operators change the phase of their eigenstates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Youle Wang , Lei Zhang , Zhan Yu , Xin Wang

The Bayesian inverse of a quantum channel $\mathcal{E}$ is a channel $\mathcal{F}$ in the reverse direction of $\mathcal{E}$ that yields time-symmetric correlations for sequential measurements performed on open quantum systems. Such an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Ouyang Ting , James Fullwood , Zhen Wu

We show for the first time how deterministic unitary operations on time-bin qubits encoded in single photon pulses can be realized using fiber optics components that are available with current technology. We also generalize this result to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Felix Bussieres , Yasaman Soudagar , Guido Berlin , Suzanne Lacroix , Nicolas Godbout

In a recent preprint by Deutsch et al. [1995] the authors suggest the possibility of polynomial approximability of arbitrary unitary operations on $n$ qubits by 2-qubit unitary operations. We address that comment by proving strong lower…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 E. Knill

We present EHands, a quantum-native protocol for implementing multivariable polynomial transformations on quantum processors. The protocol introduces four fundamental, reversible operators: multiplication, addition, negation, and parity…

The process of translating a quantum algorithm into a form suitable for implementation on a quantum computing platform is crucial but yet challenging. This entails specifying quantum operations with precision, a typically intricate task. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-26 M. Zomorodi , H. Amini , M. Abbaszadeh , J. Sohrabi , V. Salari , P. Plawiak

Unitary operation is an essential step for quantum information processing. We first propose an iterative procedure for decomposing a general unitary operation without resorting to controlled-NOT gate and single-qubit rotation library. Based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Wen-Qiang Liu , Xin-Jie Zhou , Hai-Rui Wei

We present a new algorithm for reducing an arbitrary unitary matrix U into a sequence of elementary operations (operations such as controlled-nots and qubit rotations). Such a sequence of operations can be used to manipulate an array of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert R. Tucci

We present an algorithm for efficiently approximating of qubit unitaries over gate sets derived from totally definite quaternion algebras. It achieves $\varepsilon$-approximations using circuits of length $O(\log(1/\varepsilon))$, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-16 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Alex Bocharov , Martin Roetteler , Jon Yard

We consider procedures to realize an approximate universal NOT gate in terms of average fidelity and fidelity deviation. The average fidelity indicates the optimality of operation on average, while the fidelity deviation does the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-24 Jeongho Bang , Seung-Woo Lee , Hyunseok Jeong , Jinhyoung Lee

We study the Unitary Hitting Time Problem (UHTP) in quantum dynamics. Given computably described pure states |a>, |b> and a time-dependent unitary U(t), define the hitting time as the infimum of t > 0 such that the fidelity between U(t)|a>…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Katsufumi Matsuura