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Physics-informed deep learning (PIDL) neural networks have shown their capability as a useful instrument for transportation practitioners in utilizing the underlying relationship between the state variables for traffic state estimation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Archie J. Huang , Dongdong Wang , Shaurya Agarwal , Mohamed Abdel-Aty , Md Mahmudul Islam , Muhammad Shahbaz

The application of traction control systems (TCS) for electric vehicles (EV) has great potential due to easy implementation of torque control with direct-drive motors. However, the control system usually requires road-tire friction and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-10 Daghan Dogan , Pinar Boyraz

To investigate the impact of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) on urban congestion, this study looks at their performance at road intersections. Intersection performance has been studied across a range of traffic densities using a simple MATLAB…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-04-12 Karam Safarov , Thomas Kent , Eddie Wilson , Arthur Richards

We design a variational state estimation (VSE) method that provides a closed-form Gaussian posterior of an underlying complex dynamical process from (noisy) nonlinear measurements. The complex process is model-free. That is, we do not have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-30 Gustav Norén , Anubhab Ghosh , Fredrik Cumlin , Saikat Chatterjee

We develop reinforcement learning (RL) boundary controllers to mitigate stop-and-go traffic congestion on a freeway segment. The traffic dynamics of the freeway segment are governed by a macroscopic Aw-Rascle-Zhang (ARZ) model, consisting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-18 Huan Yu , Saehong Park , Alexandre Bayen , Scott Moura , Miroslav Krstic

This paper develops a full-state feedback controller that damps out oscillations in traffic density and traffic velocity whose dynamical behavior is governed by the linearized two-class Aw-Rascle (AR) model. Thereby, the traffic is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Mark Burkhardt , Huan Yu , Miroslav Krstic

Network-wide Traffic State Estimation (TSE), which aims to infer a complete image of network traffic states with sparsely deployed sensors, plays a vital role in intelligent transportation systems. With the development of data-driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Qishen Zhou , Yifan Zhang , Michail A. Makridis , Anastasios Kouvelas , Yibing Wang , Simon Hu

In this paper, we propose a sample-based moving horizon estimation (MHE) scheme for general nonlinear systems to estimate the current system state using irregularly and/or infrequently available measurements. The cost function of the MHE…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Isabelle Krauss , Victor G. Lopez , Matthias A. Müller

Lane changing is one of the most common maneuvers on motorways. Although, macroscopic traffic models are well known for their suitability to describe fast moving crowded traffic, most of these models are generally developed in one…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-20 Michael Herty , Salissou Moutari , Giuseppe Visconti

In reinforcement learning-based (RL-based) traffic signal control (TSC), decisions on the signal timing are made based on the available information on vehicles at a road intersection. This forms the state representation for the RL…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-13 Lawrence Francis , Blessed Guda , Ahmed Biyabani

Nonlinear hyperbolic partial differential equations govern continuum traffic flow models. Higher-order traffic flow models consisting of continuum equations and velocity dynamics were introduced to address the limitations of the Lighthill,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-07-10 Nandan Maiti , Bhargava Rama Chilukuri

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) uses diverse, unstructured data and makes RL capable of learning complex policies in high dimensional environments. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) based on Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) offers an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Anum Mushtaq , Irfan ul Haq , Muhammad Azeem Sarwar , Asifullah Khan , Omair Shafiq

This paper presents a distributed traffic state estimation framework in which infrastructure sensors and connected vehicles act as autonomous, cooperative sensing nodes. These nodes share local traffic estimates with nearby nodes using…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-09 Vincent de Heij , M. Umar B. Niazi , Saeed Ahmed , Karl Henrik Johansson

Real-time estimation of vehicle-tire-road friction is critical for allowing autonomous race cars to safely and effectively operate at their physical limits. Traditional approaches to measure tire grip often depend on costly, specialized…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Davide Malvezzi , Nicola Musiu , Eugenio Mascaro , Francesco Iacovacci , Marko Bertogna

Recent advancements in Connected Vehicle (CV) technology have prompted research on leveraging CV data for more effective traffic management. Despite the low penetration rate, such detailed CV data has demonstrated great potential in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Chaopeng Tan , Yue Ding , Kaidi Yang , Hong Zhu , Keshuang Tang

Packet-level traffic measurement is essential in applications like QoS, traffic engineering, or anomaly detection. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) enables efficient and dynamic network configuration that we can deploy for fine-grained…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Fangye Tang , Meysam Shojaee , Israat Haque

Traffic Sign Recognition (TSR) is a core perception capability for autonomous driving, where robustness to cross-region variation, long-tailed categories, and semantic ambiguity is essential for reliable real-world deployment. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Guoyang Zhao , Weiqing Qi , Kai Zhang , Chenguang Zhang , Zeying Gong , Zhihai Bi , Kai Chen , Benshan Ma , Ming Liu , Jun Ma

Estimation of road traffic is a fundamental problem which has been addressed with a variety of methods. In the present paper, a variant of the mobile observer method is proposed. It is assumed that some vehicles composing the road traffic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-06-05 Cyril Nguyen Van Phu

The societal impact of traffic is a long-standing and complex problem. We focus on the estimation of ozone production due to vehicular traffic. For this, we couple a system of conservation laws for vehicular traffic, an emission model, and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-27 Caterina Balzotti , Maya Briani , Barbara De Filippo , Benedetto Piccoli

The current approach for new Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) and Connected and Automated Driving (CAD) function development involves a significant amount of public road testing which is inefficient due to the number miles that need…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xincheng Cao , Haochong Chen , Bilin Aksun-Guvenc , Levent Guvenc