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We develop a nonparametric approach to identify and estimate consumer preferences and unobserved heterogeneity under nonlinear price schedules. Leveraging variation across multiple price schedules, we show that both the utility function and…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-29 Samuele Centorrino , Frédérique Fève , Jean-Pierre Florens

Most work in mechanism design assumes that buyers are risk neutral; some considers risk aversion arising due to a non-linear utility for money. Yet behavioral studies have established that real agents exhibit risk attitudes which cannot be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Shuchi Chawla , Kira Goldner , J. Benjamin Miller , Emmanouil Pountourakis

This paper proposes a method for assessing differential item functioning (DIF) in item response theory (IRT) models. The method does not require pre-specification of anchor items, which is its main virtue. It is developed in two main steps,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-08 Peter F. Halpin

To determine the welfare implications of price changes in demand data, we introduce a revealed preference relation over prices. We show that the absence of cycles in this relation characterizes a consumer who trades off the utility of…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-03 Rahul Deb , Yuichi Kitamura , John K. -H. Quah , Jörg Stoye

In this paper we investigate the pricing problem of a pure endowment contract when the insurer has a limited information on the mortality intensity of the policyholder. The payoff of this kind of policies depends on the residual life time…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-07-23 Claudia Ceci , Katia Colaneri , Alessandra Cretarola

Optimal probabilistic approach in reinforcement learning is computationally infeasible. Its simplification consisting in neglecting difference between true environment and its model estimated using limited number of observations causes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-06-26 Sergey Rodionov , Alexey Potapov , Yurii Vinogradov

Cost functions are commonly employed in Safe Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). However, the cost is typically encoded as an indicator function due to the difficulty of quantifying the risk of policy decisions in the state space. Such an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Enrico Marchesini , Luca Marzari , Alessandro Farinelli , Christopher Amato

We extend well-known comparative results under expected utility to models of non-expected utility by providing novel conditions on local utility functions. We illustrate how our results parallel, and are distinct from, existing results for…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-01-16 Collin Raymond , Yangwei Song

Assuming that agents' preferences satisfy first-order stochastic dominance, we show how the Expected Utility paradigm can rationalize all optimal investment choices: the optimal investment strategy in any behavioral law-invariant…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-02-03 Carole Bernard , Jit Seng Chen , Steven Vanduffel

We present a general approach to the pricing of products in finance and insurance in the multi-period setting. It is a combination of the utility indifference pricing and optimal intertemporal risk allocation. We give a characterization of…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Kei Fukuda , Akihiko Inoue , Yumiharu Nakano

Differential privacy is a mathematical framework for privacy-preserving data analysis. Changing the hyperparameters of a differentially private algorithm allows one to trade off privacy and utility in a principled way. Quantifying this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-23 Brendan Avent , Javier Gonzalez , Tom Diethe , Andrei Paleyes , Borja Balle

Differential Privacy (DP) is an important privacy-enhancing technology for private machine learning systems. It allows to measure and bound the risk associated with an individual participation in a computation. However, it was recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Cuong Tran , My H. Dinh , Ferdinando Fioretto

This paper investigates portfolio selection within a continuous-time financial market with regime-switching and beliefs-dependent utilities. The market coefficients and the investor's utility function both depend on the market regime, which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-23 Xiaochen Chen , Guohui Guan , Zongxia Liang

The standard asset pricing models (the CCAPM and the Epstein-Zin non-expected utility model) counterintuitively predict that equilibrium asset prices can rise if the representative agent's risk aversion increases. If the income effect,…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2014-03-05 Dominique Pepin

We study optimal monetary policy when a central bank maximizes a quantile utility objective rather than expected utility. In our framework, the central bank's risk attitude is indexed by the quantile index level, providing a transparent…

General Economics · Economics 2025-10-29 Gabriel Montes-Rojas , Fernando Toledo , Nicolás Bertholet , Kevin Corfield

The increasing reliance on deep computer vision models that process sensitive data has raised significant privacy concerns, particularly regarding the exposure of intermediate results in hidden layers. While traditional privacy risk…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Tao Huang , Qingyu Huang , Jiayang Meng

Testing fairness is a major concern in psychometric and educational research. A typical approach for ensuring testing fairness is through differential item functioning (DIF) analysis. DIF arises when a test item functions differently across…

Applications · Statistics 2025-04-02 Ling Chen , Susu Zhang , Jingchen Liu

In observational studies, adjusting for confounders is required if a treatment comparison is planned. A crude comparison of the primary endpoint without covariate adjustment will suffer from biases, and the addition of regression models…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-11 Shiyu Shu , Toshimitsu Hamasaki , Scott Evans , Lauren Komarow , David van Duin , Guoqing Diao

It is standard practice in online retail to run pricing experiments by randomizing at the article-level, i.e. by changing prices of different products to identify treatment effects. Due to customers' cross-price substitution behavior, such…

Applications · Statistics 2024-02-23 Lars Roemheld , Justin Rao

Differential privacy is a strong notion for privacy that can be used to prove formal guarantees, in terms of a privacy budget, $\epsilon$, about how much information is leaked by a mechanism. However, implementations of privacy-preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Bargav Jayaraman , David Evans