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In 2014 Andrey Perfiliev introduced the so-called electric invariant for non-oriented knots. This invariant was motivated by using Kirchhoff's laws for the dual graph of the knot diagram. Later, in 2020, Anastasiya Galkina generalised this…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-08-09 Philipp Korablev

Knot theory is a study of the embedding of closed circles into three-dimensional Euclidean space, motivated the ubiquity of knots in daily life and human civilization. However, the current knot theory focuses on the topology rather than…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-11-19 Li Shen , Jian Liu , Guo-Wei Wei

By considering homotopies that preserve the stratification, one obtains a natural notion of homotopy for stratified spaces. In this short note, we introduce invariants of stratified homotopy, the stratified homotopy groups. We show that…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-04-04 Sylvain Douteau

Theoretical results from discrete geometry suggest that normed spaces can abstractly embed finite metric spaces with surprisingly low theoretical bounds on distortion in low dimensions. In this paper, inspired by this theoretical insight,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Diaaeldin Taha , Wei Zhao , J. Maxwell Riestenberg , Michael Strube

We explain the notion of a grope cobordism between two knots in a 3-manifold. Each grope cobordism has a type that can be described by a rooted unitrivalent tree. By filtering these trees in different ways, we show how the Goussarov-Habiro…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2010-08-25 Jim Conant , Peter Teichner

Introducing a way to modify knots using $n$-trivial rational tangles, we show that knots with given values of Vassiliev invariants of bounded degree can have arbitrary unknotting number (extending a recent result of Ohyama, Taniyama and…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. Stoimenow

A pseudodiagram is a diagram of a knot with some crossing information missing. We review and expand the theory of pseudodiagrams introduced by R. Hanaki. We then extend this theory to the realm of virtual knots, a generalization of knots.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2011-09-20 Allison Henrich , Noel MacNaughton , Sneha Narayan , Oliver Pechenik , Jennifer Townsend

The notion of a braided chord diagram is introduced and studied. An equivalence relation is given which identifies all braidings of a fixed chord diagram. It is shown that finite-type invariants are stratified by braid index for knots which…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Joan S. Birman , Rolland Trapp

We generalize C. Van Cott's results on the $\tau$ and $s$-invariants of cabled knots to apply to general satellite knots. This paper uses no Heegaard-Floer homology, relying on more geometric techniques.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-12-23 Lawrence P. Roberts

The evaluation of graphs on 2-spheres is a central ingredient of the Turaev-Viro construction of three-dimensional topological field theories. In this article, we introduce a class of graphs, called extruded graphs, that is relevant for the…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2024-11-19 Julian Farnsteiner , Christoph Schweigert

The Bott-Cattaneo-Rossi invariant $(Z_k)_{k\in \mathbb N\setminus\{0,1\}}$ is an invariant of long knots $\mathbb R^n\hookrightarrow\mathbb R^{n+2}$ for odd $n$, which reads as a combination of integrals over configuration spaces. In this…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-01-22 David Leturcq

These notes are an introduction to knot theory from the perspective of surfaces. The notes cover fundamental concepts such as isotopies, Reidemeister moves, torus knots, and (orientable, connected) surfaces with one boundary component. They…

In this paper, we introduce a generalized concept of vertex transitivity in graphs called generalized vertex transitivity. We put forward a new invariant called transitivity number of a graph. The value of this invariant in different…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Kannan Balakrishnan , Divya Sindhu Lekha , Manoj Changat , Bijo S. Anand , Prasanth G. Narasimha-Shenoi

In this paper we describe what should perhaps be called a `type-2' Vassiliev invariant of knots S^2 -> S^4. We give a formula for an invariant of 2-knots, taking values in Z_2 that can be computed in terms of the double-point diagram of the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Ryan Budney

We discuss different invariants of knots and links that depend on a primitive root of unity. We clarify the definitions of existing invariants with the Reshetikhin-Turaev method, present the generalization of ADO invariants to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-08-10 Liudmila Bishler

Knots are commonly represented and manipulated via diagrams, which are decorated planar graphs. When such a knot diagram has low treewidth, parameterized graph algorithms can be leveraged to ensure the fast computation of many invariants…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Corentin Lunel , Arnaud de Mesmay

The motivation for this work is to construct a map from classical knots to virtual ones. What we get in the paper is a series of maps from knots in the full torus (thickened torus) to flat-virtual knots. We give definition of flat-virtual…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-06-21 V. O. Manturov , I. M. Nikonov

Khovanov homology for knots has generated a flurry of activity in the topology community. This paper studies the Khovanov type cohomology for graphs with a special attention to torsions. When the underlying algebra is $\mathbb{Z}[x]/(x^2)$,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Laure Helme-Guizon , Jozef H. Przytycki , Yongwu Rong

The vertices of an interval graph represent intervals over a real line where overlapping intervals denote that their corresponding vertices are adjacent. This implies that the vertices are measurable by a metric and there exists a linear…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-03-26 Chuan Wen Loe , Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen

We wish to draw attention to an interesting and promising interaction of two theories. On the one hand, it is the theory of \textbf{pseudo-triangulations} which was useful for implicit solution of thecarpenter's rule problem and proved…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gaiane Panina