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GUI prototyping is a fundamental component in the development of modern interactive systems, which are now ubiquitous across diverse application domains. GUI prototypes play a critical role in requirements elicitation by enabling…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Kristian Kolthoff , Felix Kretzer , Christian Bartelt , Alexander Maedche , Simone Paolo Ponzetto

Exploratory GUI testing is essential for software quality but suffers from high manual costs. While Multi-modal Large Language Model (MLLM) agents excel in navigation, they fail to autonomously discover defects due to two core challenges:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yifei Gao , Jiang Wu , Xiaoyi Chen , Yifan Yang , Zhe Cui , Tianyi Ma , Jiaming Zhang , Jitao Sang

Prototyping is an important part in research and development of tangible user interfaces (TUIs). On the way from the idea to a working prototype, new hardware prototypes usually have to be crafted repeatedly in numerous iterations. This…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-06-03 Stefan Diewald , Andreas Möller , Luis Roalter , Matthias Kranz

GUI prototyping serves as one of the most valuable techniques for enhancing the elicitation of requirements and facilitating the visualization and refinement of customer needs. While GUI prototyping has a positive impact on the software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Kristian Kolthoff , Felix Kretzer , Christian Bartelt , Alexander Maedche , Simone Paolo Ponzetto

The recent development on large language models makes automatically constructing small programs possible. It thus has the potential to free software engineers from low-level coding and allow us to focus on the perhaps more interesting parts…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Simiao Zhang , Jiaping Wang , Guoliang Dong , Jun Sun , Yueling Zhang , Geguang Pu

A Large Language Model (LLM) represents a cutting-edge artificial intelligence model that generates coherent content, including grammatically precise sentences, human-like paragraphs, and syntactically accurate code snippets. LLMs can play…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Robson Santos , Italo Santos , Cleyton Magalhaes , Ronnie de Souza Santos

Software testing is a fundamental process of software development, and prior work has shown that visualizations of test results support testers' decision-making. However, Human-Computer Interaction research on software testing has yet to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Brandon Lit , Anthony Maocheia-Ricci , Thomas Driscoll

Software quality in use comprises quality from the user's perspective. It has gained its importance in e-government applications, mobile-based applications, embedded systems, and even business process development. User's decisions on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-03-25 Issa Atoum , Chih How Bong

With the rapid development of web technology, more and more software applications have become web-based in the past decades. To ensure software quality and user experience, various techniques have been proposed to automatically test web…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Siyi Wang , Sinan Wang , Yujia Fan , Xiaolei Li , Yepang Liu

GUIs are foundational to interactive systems and play a pivotal role in early requirements elicitation through prototyping. Ensuring that GUI implementations fulfill NL requirements is essential for robust software engineering, especially…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Kristian Kolthoff , Felix Kretzer , Simone Paolo Ponzetto , Alexander Maedche , Christian Bartelt

In industry, software testing is the primary method to verify and validate the functionality, performance, security, usability, and so on, of software-based systems. Test automation has gained increasing attention in industry over the last…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ina K. Schieferdecker

Graphical User Interface (GUI) action grounding is a critical step in GUI automation that maps language instructions to actionable elements on GUI screens. Most recent works of GUI action grounding leverage large GUI datasets to fine-tune…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yue Fan , Handong Zhao , Ruiyi Zhang , Yu Shen , Xin Eric Wang , Gang Wu

GUI responsiveness is critical for a positive user experience in mobile applications. Even brief delays in visual feedback can frustrate users and lead to negative reviews. However, detecting and quantifying such user-perceived delays…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wei Liu , Linqiang Guo , Yi Wen Heng , Chenglin Li , Tse-Hsun , Chen , Ahmed E. Hassan

Software Testing is a well-established area in software engineering, encompassing various techniques and methodologies to ensure the quality and reliability of software systems. However, with the advent of generative artificial intelligence…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Aldeida Aleti

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI), specifically large language models (LLMs), are increasingly used in software engineering, mainly for coding tasks. However, requirements engineering - particularly requirements validation - has seen…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Adam Trendowicz , Daniel Seifert , Andreas Jedlitschka , Marcus Ciolkowski , Anton Strahilov

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has catalyzed the development of mobile graphic user interface (GUI) AI agents, which is designed to autonomously perform tasks on mobile devices.…

Validation is a central activity when developing formal specifications. Similarly to coding, a possible validation technique is to define upfront test cases or scenarios that a future specification should satisfy or not. Unfortunately,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Alcino Cunha , Nuno Macedo

Model finding, as embodied by SAT solvers and similar tools, is used widely, both in embedding settings and as a tool in its own right. For instance, tools like Alloy target SAT to enable users to incrementally define, explore, verify, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Siddhartha Prasad , Ben Greenman , Tim Nelson , Shriram Krishnamurthi

GUI agents drive applications through their visual interfaces instead of programmatic APIs, interacting with arbitrary software via taps, swipes, and keystrokes, reaching a long tail of applications that CLI-based agents cannot. Yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Fei Tang , Zhiqiong Lu , Boxuan Zhang , Weiming Lu , Jun Xiao , Yueting Zhuang , Yongliang Shen

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in automation systems are usually distributed systems whose development and integration involve several experts. Each expert uses its own domain-specific modeling language and tools to model the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Marvin Schieseck , Philip Topalis , Alexander Fay
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