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Phishing is one of the most severe cyber-attacks where researchers are interested to find a solution. In phishing, attackers lure end-users and steal their personal in-formation. To minimize the damage caused by phishing must be detected as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-07 P. Kalaharsha , B. M. Mehtre

In this digital era, our lives highly depend on the internet and worldwide technology. Wide usage of technology and platforms of communication makes our lives better and easier. But on the other side it carries out some security issues and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Muhammad Shoaib Farooq , Hina jabbar

Web-based phishing attacks nowadays exploit popular cloud web hosting services and apps such as Google Sites and Typeform for hosting their attacks. Since these attacks originate from reputable domains and IP addresses of the cloud…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Birendra Jha , Medha Atre , Ashwini Rao

Phishing attacks are a major threat to online security, exploiting user vulnerabilities to steal sensitive information. Various methods have been developed to counteract phishing, each with varying levels of accuracy, but they also face…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Tri Cao , Chengyu Huang , Yuexin Li , Huilin Wang , Amy He , Nay Oo , Bryan Hooi

Phishing attacks are an increasingly potent web-based threat, with nearly 1.5 million websites created on a monthly basis. In this work, we present the first study towards identifying such attacks through phishing reports shared by users on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Sayak Saha Roy , Unique Karanjit , Shirin Nilizadeh

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), including ChatGPT, is having a significant impact on a wide range of fields. While LLMs have been extensively researched for tasks such as code generation and text synthesis, their application…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Takashi Koide , Naoki Fukushi , Hiroki Nakano , Daiki Chiba

Phishing is a type of social engineering attack with an intention to steal user data, including login credentials and credit card numbers, leading to financial losses for both organisations and individuals. It occurs when an attacker,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-02 J. Samantha Tharani , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage

Phishing is a major problem on the Web. Despite the significant attention it has received over the years, there has been no definitive solution. While the state-of-the-art solutions have reasonably good performance, they require a large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Samuel Marchal , Kalle Saari , Nidhi Singh , N. Asokan

In this paper, we present a general scheme for building reproducible and extensible datasets for website phishing detection. The aim is to (1) enable comparison of systems using different features, (2) overtake the short-lived nature of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Abdelhakim Hannousse , Salima Yahiouche

IT professionals have no simple tool to create phishing websites and raise the awareness of users. We developed a prototype that can dynamically mimic websites by using enriched screenshots, which requires no additional programming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Pascal Gadient , Pascal Gerig , Oscar Nierstrasz , Mohammad Ghafari

With the growth in digital transformation and Internet usage, the Social Engineering techniques such as Phishing have become a major concern for the users and the organizations. Phishing attacks involve deceptive techniques to trick users…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nikhil Kumar Dora , Sumit Kumar Tetarave , Rishikesh Sahay , Madhusudan Singh , Xiaoqing Li

The large-scale deployment of modern phishing attacks relies on the automatic exploitation of vulnerable websites in the wild, to maximize profit while hindering attack traceability, detection and blacklisting. To the best of our knowledge,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-04 Igino Corona , Battista Biggio , Matteo Contini , Luca Piras , Roberto Corda , Mauro Mereu , Guido Mureddu , Davide Ariu , Fabio Roli

Phishing remains one of the most prevalent online threats, exploiting human trust to harvest sensitive credentials. Existing URL- and HTML-based detection systems struggle against obfuscation and visual deception. This paper presents…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Md Abdul Ahad Minhaz , Zannatul Zahan Meem , Md. Shohrab Hossain

Recent times have witnessed the rise of anti-phishing schemes powered by deep learning (DL). In particular, logo-based phishing detectors rely on DL models from Computer Vision to identify logos of well-known brands on webpages, to detect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Jehyun Lee , Zhe Xin , Melanie Ng Pei See , Kanav Sabharwal , Giovanni Apruzzese , Dinil Mon Divakaran

Phishing is the most prevalent type of cyber-attack today and is recognized as the leading source of data breaches with significant consequences for both individuals and corporations. Web-based phishing attacks are the most frequent with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Muhammad Fahad Zia , Sri Harish Kalidass

Existing literature on adversarial Machine Learning (ML) focuses either on showing attacks that break every ML model, or defenses that withstand most attacks. Unfortunately, little consideration is given to the actual feasibility of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Ying Yuan , Giovanni Apruzzese , Mauro Conti

Phishing attacks are among emerging security issues that recently draws significant attention in the cyber security community. There are numerous existing approaches for phishing URL detection. However, malicious URL detection is still a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Pingfan Xu

Phishing websites pose a major cybersecurity threat, exploiting unsuspecting users and causing significant financial and organisational harm. Traditional machine learning approaches for phishing detection often require extensive feature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Georg Goldenits , Philip Koenig , Sebastian Raubitzek , Andreas Ekelhart

Recently, we can observe a significant increase of the phishing attacks in the Internet. In a typical phishing attack, the attacker sets up a malicious website that looks similar to the legitimate website in order to obtain the end-users'…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zijiang Yang

ML-based Phishing URL (MLPU) detectors serve as the first level of defence to protect users and organisations from being victims of phishing attacks. Lately, few studies have launched successful adversarial attacks against specific MLPU…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Bushra Sabir , M. Ali Babar , Raj Gaire , Alsharif Abuadbba