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A stochastic background of gravitational waves can be created by the superposition of a large number of independent sources. The physical processes occurring at the earliest moments of the universe certainly created a stochastic background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-22 Nelson Christensen

We investigate how a stochastic gravitational wave background, produced from a discrete set of astrophysical sources, differs from an idealised model consisting of an isotropic, unpolarised, and Gaussian background. We focus, in particular,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Duncan Meacher , Eric Thrane , Tania Regimbau

Stochastic gravitational waves (GWs) consist of a primordial component from early Universe processes and an astrophysical component from compact binary mergers. To detect the primordial stochastic GW background (SGWB), the astrophysical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-08 Mingzheng Li , Jiming Yu , Zhen Pan

Long-term precise timing of Galactic millisecond pulsars holds great promise for measuring the long-period (months-to-years) astrophysical gravitational waves. Several gravitational-wave observational programs, called Pulsar Timing Arrays…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rutger van Haasteren , Yuri Levin , Patrick McDonald , Tingting Lu

Gravitational waves are predicted by Einstein's theory of general relativity as well as other theories of gravity. The rotational stability of the fastest pulsars means that timing of an array of these objects can be used to detect and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 J. Ellis , M. A. McLaughlin , J. P. W. Verbiest

The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is one of the main detection targets for future millihertz space-borne gravitational-wave observatories such as the \ac{LISA}, TianQin, and Taiji. For a single LISA-like detector, a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-10 Jun Cheng , En-Kun Li , Jianwei Mei

The search for gamma-ray counterparts to gravitational-wave events with the CALET Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (CGBM) requires accurate and robust background modeling. Previous CALET observing runs (O3 and O4) relied on averaged pre/post-event…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-20 Bisweswar Sen

Detecting a stationary, stochastic gravitational wave signal is complicated by impossibility of observing the detector noise independently of the signal. One consequence is that we require at least two detectors to observe the signal, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Lee Samuel Finn , Albert Lazzarini

We assess the detectability of a nanohertz gravitational wave (GW) background with respect to additive red and white noise in the timing of millisecond pulsars. We develop detection criteria based on the cross-correlation function summed…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 J. M. Cordes , R. M. Shannon

In this paper, we present a successful implementation of a subtraction-noise projection method into a simple, simulated data analysis pipeline of a gravitational-wave search. We investigate the problem to reveal a weak stochastic background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jan Harms , Christoph Mahrdt , Markus Otto , Malte Priess

We propose a data processing technique that allows searches for a stochastic background of gravitational radiation with data from a single detector. Our technique exploits the difference between the coherence time of the gravitational wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-05-22 Massimo Tinto , J. W. Armstrong

Modeling the stochastic gravitational wave background from various astrophysical sources is a key objective in view of upcoming observations with ground- and space-based gravitational wave observatories such as Advanced LIGO, VIRGO, eLISA…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-07 Irina Dvorkin , Jean-Philippe Uzan , Elisabeth Vangioni , Joseph Silk

Future ground-based and space-borne interferometric gravitational-wave detectors may capture between tens and thousands of binary coalescence events per year. There is a significant and growing body of work on the estimation of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-04-23 Ilya Mandel

Analyzing the records of Advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational observatories, we found a permanent time-domain asymmetry inherent only to the signals of their gravitational detectors. Experiments with different periodic signals, Gaussian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-14 Alexander V. Kramarenko , Andrey V. Kramarenko

Gaussian cosmic microwave background skies are fully specified by the power spectrum. The conventional method of characterizing non-Gaussian skies is to evaluate higher order moments, the n-point functions and their Fourier transforms. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-10 Pedro G. Ferreira , Joao Magueijo

The ensemble of unresolved compact binary coalescences is a promising source of the stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background. For stellar-mass black hole binaries, the astrophysical stochastic GW background is expected to exhibit…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-22 Takahiro S. Yamamoto , Sachiko Kuroyanagi , Guo-Chin Liu

Gravitational waves provide a novel and powerful way to test astrophysical models of compact objects, early universe processes, beyond the Standard Model particle physics, dark matter candidates, Einstein's theory of General Relativity and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-03 Mairi Sakellariadou

The detection of gravitational waves from astrophysical sources of gravitational waves is a realistic goal for the current generation of interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. Short duration bursts of gravitational waves from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Patrick R Brady , Saikat Ray-Majumder

We discuss prospects for direct measurement of stochastic gravitational wave background around 0.1-1Hz with future space missions. It is assumed to use correlation analysis technique with the optimal TDI variables for two sets of LISA-type…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Naoki Seto

Basic aspects of the background of gravitational waves and its mathematical characterization are reviewed. The spectral energy density parameter $\Omega(f)$, commonly used as a quantifier of the background, is derived for an ensemble of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-10-05 Pablo A. Rosado