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This paper demonstrates the computational design of soft elastomeric pneumatic actuators using nonlinear topology optimization. An existing density- and porohyperelasticity-based topology optimization framework was extended from 2D to 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Sumit Mehta , Konstantinos Poulios

Soft pneumatic actuators (SPAs) produce motions for soft robots with simple pressure input, however they require to be appropriately designed to fit the target application. Available design methods employ kinematic models and optimization…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Yao Yao , Liang He , Perla Maiolino

Modern robots embody power and precision control. Yet, as robots undertake tasks that apply forces on humans, this power brings risk of injury. Soft robotic actuators use deformation to produce smooth, continuous motions and conform to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Gregory M. Campbell

This paper presents design, fabrication and control of a compliant 2D manipulator, a so called soft actuator. Our focus is on fiber-reinforced elastomer actuators driven by a constant pressure hydraulic supply and modulated on/off valves.…

Robots built from soft materials can alter their shape and size in a particular profile. This shape-changing ability could be extremely helpful for rescue robots and those operating in unknown terrains and environments. In changing shape,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Vishesh Vikas , Eliad Cohen , Rob Grassi , Canberk Sozer , Barry Trimmer

Soft robotics technologies have gained growing interest in recent years, which allows various applications from manufacturing to human-robot interaction. Pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM), a typical soft actuator, has been widely applied to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Hongbo Zhang , Yunshuang Li , Yipin Guo , Xinyi Chen , Qinyuan Ren

Pneumatic soft robots are typically fabricated by molding, a manual fabrication process that requires skilled labor. Additive manufacturing has the potential to break this limitation and speed up the fabrication process but struggles with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yijia Wu , Zilin Dai , Haotian Liu , Lehong Wang , Markus P. Nemitz

This paper presents a novel soft robotic system for a deformable mannequin that can be employed to physically realize the 3D geometry of different human bodies. The soft membrane on a mannequin is deformed by inflating several curved…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Yingjun Tian , Guoxin Fang , Justas Petrulis , Andrew Weightman , Charlie C. L. Wang

While soft robot manipulators offer compelling advantages over rigid counterparts, including inherent compliance, safe human-robot interaction, and the ability to conform to complex geometries, accurate forward modeling from low-dimensional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Ziyong Ma , Uksang Yoo , Jonathan Francis , Weiming Zhi , Jeffrey Ichnowski , Jean Oh

Aging populations and the rising prevalence of neurological and musculoskeletal disorders increase the demand for wearable mobility assistive devices that are effective, comfortable, and anatomically compatible. Many existing systems use…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Mohammed Abboodi

Aerial robots have garnered significant attention due to their potential applications in various industries, such as inspection, search and rescue, and drone delivery. Successful missions often depend on the ability of these robots to grasp…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Hiu Ching Cheung , Ching-Wei Chang , Bailun Jiang , Chih-Yung Wen , Henry K. Chu

Bio-inspired soft robots have already shown the ability to handle uncertainty and adapt to unstructured environments. However, their availability is partially restricted by time-consuming, costly and highly supervised design-fabrication…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Afonso Silva , Diogo Fonseca , Diogo M. Neto , Mihail Babcinschi , Pedro Neto

Soft robotics hold promise in the development of safe yet powered assistive wearable devices for infants. Key to this is the development of closed-loop controllers that can help regulate pneumatic pressure in the device's actuators in an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Caio Mucchiani , Zhichao Liu , Ipsita Sahin , Elena Kokkoni , Konstantinos Karydis

Soft robotics, with their inherent flexibility and infinite degrees of freedom (DoF), offer promising advancements in human-machine interfaces. Particularly, pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) and pneumatic bending actuators have been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Junyi Shen , Tetsuro Miyazaki , Shingo Ohno , Maina Sogabe , Kenji Kawashima

Biological agents possess bodies that are mostly of soft tissues. Researchers have resorted to soft bodies to investigate Artificial Life (ALife)-related questions; similarly, a new era of soft-bodied robots has just begun. Nevertheless,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Federico Pigozzi

Differentiable physics simulation provides an avenue to tackle previously intractable challenges through gradient-based optimization, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of solving robotics-related problems. To apply differentiable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Min Liu , Gang Yang , Siyuan Luo , Lin Shao

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a promising solution for handling the complexity of fabricating soft robots. However, the AM of hyperelastic materials is still challenging with a limited material range. Within this work, pellet-based 3D…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Nick Willemstein , Mohammad Ebrahim Imanian , Herman van der Kooij , Ali Sadeghi

Biological muscles have always attracted robotics researchers due to their efficient capabilities in compliance, force generation, and mechanical work. Many groups are working on the development of artificial muscles, however,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Luiza Labazanova , Zeyu Wu , Zhengping Gu , David Navarro-Alarcon

Soft pneumatic actuators (SPA) made from elastomeric materials can provide large strain and large force. The behavior of locally strain-restricted hyperelastic materials under inflation has been investigated thoroughly for shape…

This paper presents modeling of a compliant 2D manipulator, a so called soft hydraulic/fluidic elastomer actuator. Our focus is on fiber-Reinforced Fluidic Elastomer Actuators (RFEA) driven by a constant pressure hydraulic supply and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Mahdi Momeni Kelageri , Mikko Heikkila , Jarno Jokinen , Matti Linjama , Reza Ghabcheloo