Related papers: Statistical analysis of initial state and final st…
Four models for the initial conditions of a fluid dynamic description of high energy heavy ion collisions are analysed and compared. We study expectation values and event-by-event fluctuations in the initial transverse energy density…
A new method to quantify fluctuations in the initial state of heavy ion collisions is presented. The initial state energy distribution is decomposed with a set of orthogonal basis functions which include both angular and radial variation.…
An interesting opportunity to determine thermodynamic and transport properties in more detail is to identify generic statistical properties of initial density perturbations. Here we study event-by-event fluctuations in terms of correlation…
We review the phenomenology and theory of bulk observables in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, focussing on recent developments involving event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of a heavy ion collision, and how they…
In the framework of the Glauber approach we analyze the shape parameters of the early-formed system and their event-by-event fluctuations. We test a variety of models: the conventional wounded nucleon model, a model admixing binary…
Predictions on fluctuations of hadron production properties in central heavy ion collisions are presented. They are based on the Statistical Model of the Early Stage and extend previously published results by considering the strongly…
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, event-by-event fluctuations are known to have non-trivial implications. Even though the probability distribution is geometrically isotropic for the initial conditions, the anisotropic $\varepsilon_n$…
We briefly review advances in understanding the initial stages of a heavy ion collision. In particular the focus is on moving from parametrizing the initial state to calculating its properties from QCD, consistently with the description of…
We discuss recent progress towards developing accurate initial state descriptions for heavy ion collisions focusing on weak coupling based approaches, that enable one to constrain the high-energy structure of nuclei from deep inelastic…
We determine the uncorrelated modes that characterize the fluctuations in a semi-realistic model for the initial state of high-energy nuclear collisions, consisting of hot spots whose positions are distributed independently. Varying the…
Initial states of high energy heavy ion collisions are studied using a dipole model through the DIPSY event generator that dynamically includes saturation together with the fluctuations and correlations of the BFKL cascade. The…
Event-by-event fluctuations in the initial conditions for a hydrodynamical description of heavy-ion collisions are characterized. We propose a Bessel-Fourier decomposition with respect to the azimuthal angle, the radius in the transverse…
The analysis of the statistical and dynamical fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions on an event-by-event basis strongly relies on a comparison with specially constructed artificial events where statistical fluctuations and kinematical…
The ability to accurately compute the series of coefficients $v_n$ characterizing the momentum space anisotropies of particle production in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions as a function of centrality is widely regarded as a triumph…
We investigate the possibility of selecting heavy ion collision events with certain features in the initial state ("event engineering"). Anisotropic flow measurements in heavy ion reactions have confirmed the almost ideal fluid dynamical…
Collective spin phenomena in the final states of heavy-ion collisions are typically understood to originate from vorticity and shear in the quark-gluon plasma. Here, we ask whether spin could already be present in the initial condition of…
In high energy collisions involving small nuclei (p+p or x+Au collisions where x=p, d, or $^3$He) the fluctuating size, shape and internal gluonic structure of the nucleon is shown to have a strong effect on the initial size and shape of…
We review recent developments in the ab-initio theoretical description of the initial state in heavy-ion collisions. We emphasize the importance of fluctuations, both for the phenomenological description of experimental data from the…
We discuss limiting fragmentation within a few currently popular phenomenological models. We show that popular Glauber-inspired models of particle production in heavy ion collisions, such as the two-component model, generally fail to…
Effects caused by the event-by-event fluctuation of the initial conditions in hydrodynamical description of high-energy heavy-ion collisions are investigated. Non-negligible effects appear for several observable quantities, even for a fixed…