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The adaptation of large-scale vision-language models (VLMs) to downstream tasks with limited labeled data remains a significant challenge. While parameter-efficient prompt learning methods offer a promising path, they often suffer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Enming Zhang , Jiayang Li , Yanru Wu , Zhenyu Liu , Yang Li

Recent vision-language pre-trained models (VL-PTMs) have shown remarkable success in open-vocabulary tasks. However, downstream use cases often involve further fine-tuning of VL-PTMs, which may distort their general knowledge and impair…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Lin Zhu , Yifeng Yang , Qinying Gu , Xinbing Wang , Chenghu Zhou , Nanyang Ye

Shouldn't language and vision features be treated equally in vision-language (VL) tasks? Many VL approaches treat the language component as an afterthought, using simple language models that are either built upon fixed word embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Andrea Burns , Reuben Tan , Kate Saenko , Stan Sclaroff , Bryan A. Plummer

In this work, we introduce LLaDA-V, a purely diffusion-based Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) that integrates visual instruction tuning with masked diffusion models, representing a departure from the autoregressive paradigms dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zebin You , Shen Nie , Xiaolu Zhang , Jun Hu , Jun Zhou , Zhiwu Lu , Ji-Rong Wen , Chongxuan Li

Existing open-vocabulary object detectors typically enlarge their vocabulary sizes by leveraging different forms of weak supervision. This helps generalize to novel objects at inference. Two popular forms of weak-supervision used in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Hanoona Rasheed , Muhammad Maaz , Muhammad Uzair Khattak , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Large foundation models trained on large-scale vision-language data can boost Open-Vocabulary Object Detection (OVD) via synthetic training data, yet the hand-crafted pipelines often introduce bias and overfit to specific prompts. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yang Zhou , Shiyu Zhao , Yuxiao Chen , Zhenting Wang , Can Jin , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Lately, researchers in artificial intelligence have been really interested in how language and vision come together, giving rise to the development of multimodal models that aim to seamlessly integrate textual and visual information.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Rajat Chawla , Arkajit Datta , Tushar Verma , Adarsh Jha , Anmol Gautam , Ayush Vatsal , Sukrit Chaterjee , Mukunda NS , Ishaan Bhola

Despite recent advancements in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on diverse understanding tasks, these models struggle to solve problems which require extensive multi-step reasoning. This is primarily due to the progressive dilution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Byungwoo Jeon , Yoonwoo Jeong , Hyunseok Lee , Minsu Cho , Jinwoo Shin

Recently, Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) techniques have greatly benefited various vision-language tasks by jointly learning visual and textual representations, which intuitively helps in Optical Character Recognition (OCR) tasks due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Chuhui Xue , Wenqing Zhang , Yu Hao , Shijian Lu , Philip Torr , Song Bai

Fine-grained open-vocabulary object detection (FG-OVD) aims to detect novel object categories described by attribute-rich texts. While existing open-vocabulary detectors show promise at the base-category level, they underperform in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jiaming Li , Zhijia Liang , Weikai Chen , Lin Ma , Guanbin Li

Open-vocabulary object detection aims to recognize objects from an open set of categories, which leverages vision-language models (VLMs) pre-trained on large-scale image-text data. The cooperative paradigm combines an object detector with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yazhe Wan , Changjae Oh

Autonomous drones capable of interpreting and executing high-level language instructions in unstructured environments remain a long-standing goal. Yet existing approaches are constrained by their dependence on hand-crafted skills, extensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qianzhong Chen , Naixiang Gao , Suning Huang , JunEn Low , Timothy Chen , Jiankai Sun , Mac Schwager

Recently, vision-language pre-training shows great potential in open-vocabulary object detection, where detectors trained on base classes are devised for detecting new classes. The class text embedding is firstly generated by feeding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Yu Du , Fangyun Wei , Zihe Zhang , Miaojing Shi , Yue Gao , Guoqi Li

Contemporary Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on a wide range of tasks by pairing a vision encoder with a pre-trained language model, fine-tuned for visual-text inputs. Yet despite these gains, it remains unclear how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Lachin Naghashyar , Hunar Batra , Ashkan Khakzar , Philip Torr , Ronald Clark , Christian Schroeder de Witt , Constantin Venhoff

This paper presents a detailed study of improving visual representations for vision language (VL) tasks and develops an improved object detection model to provide object-centric representations of images. Compared to the most widely used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Pengchuan Zhang , Xiujun Li , Xiaowei Hu , Jianwei Yang , Lei Zhang , Lijuan Wang , Yejin Choi , Jianfeng Gao

Vision Language Models (VLMs) excel at visual question answering (VQA) but remain limited to snapshot vision, reasoning from static images. In contrast, embodied agents require ambulatory vision, actively moving to obtain more informative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Juil Koo , Daehyeon Choi , Sangwoo Youn , Phillip Y. Lee , Minhyuk Sung

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and Multi-Modal Language models (MMLMs) have become prominent in autonomous driving research, as these models can provide interpretable textual reasoning and responses for end-to-end autonomous driving safety…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Akshay Gopalkrishnan , Ross Greer , Mohan Trivedi

While Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across multi-modal tasks, their choice of vision encoders presents a fundamental weakness: their low-level features lack the robust structural and spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Brandon Huang , Hang Hua , Zhuoran Yu , Trevor Darrell , Rogerio Feris , Roei Herzig

This paper offers a mini review of Visual Word Sense Disambiguation (VWSD), which is a multimodal extension of traditional Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD). VWSD helps tackle lexical ambiguity in vision-language tasks. While conventional WSD…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shashini Nilukshi , Deshan Sumanathilaka

Real-world vision-language applications demand varying levels of perceptual granularity. However, most existing visual large language models (VLLMs), such as LLaVA, pre-assume a fixed resolution for downstream tasks, which leads to subpar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Weiqing Luo , Zhen Tan , Yifan Li , Xinyu Zhao , Kwonjoon Lee , Behzad Dariush , Tianlong Chen