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Related papers: Defect self-propulsion in active nematic films wit…

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Incorporating the inherent heterogeneity of living systems into models of active nematics is essential to provide a more realistic description of biological processes such as bacterial growth, cell dynamics and tissue development.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-11-06 Alexander J. H. Houston , Nigel J. Mottram

Topological defects, such as quantum vortices, determine the properties of quantum fluids. The study of their properties has been at the center of activity in solid state and BEC communities. On the other hand, the non-trivial behavior of…

Collective cell migration governs a range of physiological and pathological processes, from tissue morphogenesis to cancer invasion, in which topological defects arise as an inevitable consequence of frequent cellular rearrangement and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-01 Jiusi Zhang , Chung Wing Chan , Bo Li , Rui Zhang

While studies of active nematics in two dimensions have shed light on various aspects of the flow regimes and topology of active matter, three-dimensional properties of topological defects and chaotic flows remain unexplored. By confining a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-07-18 Tyler N. Shendruk , Kristian Thijssen , Julia M. Yeomans , Amin Doostmohammadi

Using simulations, we examine the average velocity as a function of applied drift force for active matter particles moving through a random obstacle array. We find that for low drift force, there is an initial flow regime where the mobility…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-09-13 C. Reichhardt , C. J. O. Reichhardt

We study the morphology of the Saturn ring defect and director structure around a colloidal particle with normal anchoring conditions and within the flow of the nematic host phase through a rectangular duct of comparable size to the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-08 Magdalena Lesniewska , Nigel Mottram , Oliver Henrich

Confined active nematics exhibit rich dynamical behavior, including spontaneous flows, periodic defect dynamics, and chaotic `active turbulence'. Here, we study these phenomena using the framework of Exact Coherent Structures, which has…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-01-26 Caleb G. Wagner , Michael M. Norton , Jae Sung Park , Piyush Grover

When considering flows in biological membranes, they are usually treated as flat, though more often than not, they are curved surfaces, even extremely curved, as in the case of the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we study the topological…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-05-27 Rickmoy Samanta , Naomi Oppenheimer

We study the organization of topological defects in a system of nematogens confined to the two-dimensional sphere (S^2). We first perform Monte Carlo simulations of a fluid system of hard rods (spherocylinders) living in the tangent plane…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 Homin Shin , Mark J. Bowick , Xiangjun Xing

We provide a comprehensive quantitative analysis of localized and extended topological defects in the steady state of 2D passive and active repulsive Brownian disk systems. We show that, both in and out-of-equilibrium, the passage from the…

Morphodynamic equations governing the behaviour of active nematic fluids on deformable curved surfaces are constructed in the large deformation limit. Emphasis is placed on the formulation of objective rates that account for normal…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-02-22 Sami C. Al-Izzi , Richard G. Morris

There is now growing evidence of the emergence and biological functionality of liquid crystal features, including nematic order and topological defects, in cellular tissues. However, how such features that intrinsically rely on particle…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-02-06 Romain Mueller , Julia Yeomans , Amin Doostmohammadi

Liquid crystals generally support orientational singularities of the director field known as topological defects. These latter modifiy transport properties in their vicinity as if the geometry was non-Euclidean. We present a state of the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-06 Sébastien Fumeron , Bertrand Berche , Fernando Moraes

We investigate the dynamics of an active particle in two-dimensional spherical crystals, which provide an ideal environment to illustrate the interplay of active particle and crystallographic defects. A moving active particle is observed to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-05 Zhenwei Yao

We propose an ``active XY model'' that incorporates key elements of both the classical XY model and the Vicsek model to study the role of topological defects in active matter systems. This model features self-propelled particles with XY…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-17 Shun Inoue , Satoshi Yukawa

We numerically study the coarsening of topological defects in 2D polar active matter and make several interesting observations and predictions. (i) The long time state is characterized by nonzero density of defects, in stark contrast to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-09-30 Soumyadeep Mondal , Pankaj Popli , Sumantra Sarkar

Making liquid droplets move spontaneously on solid surfaces is a key challenge in lab-on-chip and heat exchanger technologies. The best-known mechanism, a wettability gradient, does not generally move droplets rapidly enough and cannot…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-03-13 Cunjing Lv , Chao Chen , Yin-Chuan Chuang , Fan-Gang Tseng , Yajun Yin , Francois Grey , Quanshui Zheng

The spontaneous emergence of collective flows is a generic property of active fluids and often leads to chaotic flow patterns characterised by swirls, jets, and topological disclinations in their orientation field. However, the ability to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-03-07 Tyler N. Shendruk , Amin Doostmohammadi , Kristian Thijssen , Julia M. Yeomans

In this paper we rigorously investigate the emergence of defects on Nematic Shells with genus different from one. This phenomenon is related to a non trivial interplay between the topology of the shell and the alignment of the director…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-03-17 Giacomo Canevari , Antonio Segatti

Topological defects -- locations of local mismatch of order -- are a universal concept playing important roles in diverse systems studied in physics and beyond, including the universe, various condensed matter systems, and recently, even…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-10-14 Yohei Zushi , Kazumasa A. Takeuchi