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Machine learning techniques have proved useful for classifying and analyzing audio content. However, recent methods typically rely on abstract and high-dimensional representations that are difficult to interpret. Inspired by…

We investigate which loss functions provide better separations via benchmarking an extensive set of those for music source separation. To that end, we first survey the most representative audio source separation losses we identified, to…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Enric Gusó , Jordi Pons , Santiago Pascual , Joan Serrà

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) and diffusion models have recently achieved state-of-the-art performance in audio super-resolution (ADSR), producing perceptually convincing wideband audio from narrowband inputs. However, existing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Mikhail Silaev , Konstantinos Drossos , Tuomas Virtanen

In the field of audio generation, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) has long served as an objective metric for evaluating audio quality. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that SNR and its variants are not always highly correlated with human…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Lingling Dai , Andong Li , Cheng Chi , Yifan Liang , Xiaodong Li , Chengshi Zheng

In measurement theory, instruments do not simply record reality; they help constitute what is observed. The same holds for generative AI evaluation: benchmarks do not just measure, they shape what models appear to be. Functionalist…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Rebecca L. Johnson

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) technology has propelled audio-driven talking head generation, gaining considerable research attention for practical applications. However, performance evaluation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Weixia Zhang , Chengguang Zhu , Jingnan Gao , Yichao Yan , Guangtao Zhai , Xiaokang Yang

The use of deep learning to solve problems in literary arts has been a recent trend that has gained a lot of attention and automated generation of music has been an active area. This project deals with the generation of music using raw…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-12-16 Vasanth Kalingeri , Srikanth Grandhe

Automatic metrics are extensively used to evaluate natural language processing systems. However, there has been increasing focus on how they are used and reported by practitioners within the field. In this paper, we have conducted a survey…

Current generative models are able to generate high-quality artefacts but have been shown to struggle with compositional reasoning, which can be defined as the ability to generate complex structures from simpler elements. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Giovanni Bindi , Philippe Esling

Dynamic range limitations in signal processing often lead to clipping, or saturation, in signals. The task of audio declipping is estimating the original audio signal, given its clipped measurements, and has attracted much interest in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-09 Pavel Záviška , Pavel Rajmic , Alexey Ozerov , Lucas Rencker

This study compares the performances of different algorithms for coding speech at low bit rates. In addition to widely deployed traditional vocoders, a selection of recently developed generative-model-based coders at different bit rates are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-27 Wissam A. Jassim , Jan Skoglund , Michael Chinen , Andrew Hines

Since its conception, digital synthesis has significantly influenced the advancement of music, leading to new genres and production styles. Through existing synthesis techniques, one can recreate naturally occurring sounds as well as…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Ashwin Pillay

Generative AI has been transforming the way we interact with technology and consume content. In the next decade, AI technology will reshape how we create audio content in various media, including music, theater, films, games, podcasts, and…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Hao-Wen Dong

A good metric, which promises a reliable comparison between solutions, is essential for any well-defined task. Unlike most vision tasks that have per-sample ground-truth, image synthesis tasks target generating unseen data and hence are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Mengping Yang , Ceyuan Yang , Yichi Zhang , Qingyan Bai , Yujun Shen , Bo Dai

The ability to automatically estimate the quality and coverage of the samples produced by a generative model is a vital requirement for driving algorithm research. We present an evaluation metric that can separately and reliably measure…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-31 Tuomas Kynkäänniemi , Tero Karras , Samuli Laine , Jaakko Lehtinen , Timo Aila

Neural audio synthesis methods can achieve high-fidelity and realistic sound generation by utilizing deep generative models. Such models typically rely on external labels which are often discrete as conditioning information to achieve…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Yunyi Liu , Craig Jin

The machine learning community has mainly relied on real data to benchmark algorithms as it provides compelling evidence of model applicability. Evaluation on synthetic datasets can be a powerful tool to provide a better understanding of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Florence Regol , Anja Kroon , Mark Coates

Objective speech-quality metrics are widely used to assess codec performance. However, for neural codecs, it is often unclear which metrics provide reliable quality estimates. To address this, we evaluated 45 objective metrics by…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Wolfgang Mack , Nezih Topaloglu , Laura Lechler , Ivana Balić , Alexandra Craciun , Mansur Yesilbursa , Kamil Wojcicki

In recent years, advancements in generative artificial intelligence have led to the development of sophisticated tools capable of mimicking diverse artistic styles, opening new possibilities for digital creativity and artistic expression.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Andrea Asperti , Franky George , Tiberio Marras , Razvan Ciprian Stricescu , Fabio Zanotti

We present a method to maintain the subjective perception of volume of audio signals and, at the same time, reduce their absolute peak value. We focus on achieving this without compromising the perceived audio quality. This is specially…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-17 A. Jeannerot , N. de Koeijer , P. Martínez-Nuevo , M. B. Møller , J. Dyreby , P. Prandoni