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A scoring system is a simple decision model that checks a set of features, adds a certain number of points to a total score for each feature that is satisfied, and finally makes a decision by comparing the total score to a threshold.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Jonas Hanselle , Stefan Heid , Johannes Fürnkranz , Eyke Hüllermeier

Datasets for training recommender systems are often subject to distribution shift induced by users' and recommenders' selection biases. In this paper, we study the impact of selection bias on datasets with different quantization. We then…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Fengyu Li , Sarah Dean

We consider off-policy evaluation (OPE) in Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes, where the evaluation policy depends only on observable variables but the behavior policy depends on latent states (Tennenholtz et al. (2020a)). Prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Yash Nair , Nan Jiang

In observational studies, the propensity score plays a central role in estimating causal effects of interest. The inverse probability weighting (IPW) estimator is commonly used for this purpose. However, if the propensity score model is…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-21 Shunichiro Orihara , Tomotaka Momozaki , Tomoyuki Nakagawa

Debiased recommendation has recently attracted increasing attention from both industry and academic communities. Traditional models mostly rely on the inverse propensity score (IPS), which can be hard to estimate and may suffer from the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Mengyue Yang , Guohao Cai , Furui Liu , Zhenhua Dong , Xiuqiang He , Jianye Hao , Jun Wang , Xu Chen

In a supervised online setting, quantifying uncertainty has been proposed in the seminal work of \cite{gibbs2021adaptive}. For any given point-prediction algorithm, their method (ACI) produces a conformal prediction set with an average…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Pierre Humbert , Ulysse Gazin , Ruth Heller , Etienne Roquain

The purpose of modeling document relevance for search engines is to rank better in subsequent searches. Document-specific historical click-through rates can be important features in a dynamic ranking system which updates as we accumulate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Richard Demsyn-Jones

Optimizing ranking systems based on user interactions is a well-studied problem. State-of-the-art methods for optimizing ranking systems based on user interactions are divided into online approaches - that learn by directly interacting with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Harrie Oosterhuis , Maarten de Rijke

Unbiased learning to rank (ULTR), which aims to learn unbiased ranking models from biased user behavior logs, plays an important role in Web search. Previous research on ULTR has studied a variety of biases in users' clicks, such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zechun Niu , Lang Mei , Liu Yang , Ziyuan Zhao , Qiang Yan , Jiaxin Mao , Ji-Rong Wen

Counterfactual Learning to Rank (LTR) algorithms learn a ranking model from logged user interactions, often collected using a production system. Employing such an offline learning approach has many benefits compared to an online one, but it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Rolf Jagerman , Maarten de Rijke

Big data presents potential but unresolved value as a source for analysis and inference. However,selection bias, present in many of these datasets, needs to be accounted for so that appropriate inferences can be made on the target…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-09 Lyndon Ang , Robert Clark , Bronwyn Loong , Anders Holmberg

The evaluation of Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS) mostly relies on local deployments in the researchers' or partners' facilities. The complexity of preparing comprehensive experiments, collecting data, and considering multiple scenarios…

Selective inference (post-selection inference) is a methodology that has attracted much attention in recent years in the fields of statistics and machine learning. Naive inference based on data that are also used for model selection tends…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-25 Yoshiyuki Ninomiya , Yuta Umezu , Ichiro Takeuchi

Policy learning utilizing observational data is pivotal across various domains, with the objective of learning the optimal treatment assignment policy while adhering to specific constraints such as fairness, budget, and simplicity. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-12 Pan Zhao , Antoine Chambaz , Julie Josse , Shu Yang

Ordinal classification models assign higher penalties to predictions further away from the true class. As a result, they are appropriate for relevant diagnostic tasks like disease progression prediction or medical image grading. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Adrian Galdran

Reinforcement learning is well suited for optimizing policies of recommender systems. Current solutions mostly focus on model-free approaches, which require frequent interactions with the real environment, and thus are expensive in model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Xueying Bai , Jian Guan , Hongning Wang

Propensity scores are often used for stratification of treatment and control groups of subjects in observational data to remove confounding bias when estimating of causal effect of the treatment on an outcome in so-called potential outcome…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Priyantha Wijayatunga

Recommendation systems have been integrated into the majority of large online systems to filter and rank information according to user profiles. It thus influences the way users interact with the system and, as a consequence, bias the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-06-15 Arnaud De Myttenaere , Boris Golden , Bénédicte Le Grand , Fabrice Rossi

Inverse classification, the process of making meaningful perturbations to a test point such that it is more likely to have a desired classification, has previously been addressed using data from a single static point in time. Such an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Michael T. Lash , W. Nick Street

We propose a Bayesian approach for recursively estimating the classifier weights in online learning of a classifier ensemble. In contrast with past methods, such as stochastic gradient descent or online boosting, our approach estimates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-09 Qinxun Bai , Henry Lam , Stan Sclaroff
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