Related papers: Few-Shot Learning for Clinical Natural Language Pr…
This article reviews recent advances in applying natural language processing (NLP) to Electronic Health Records (EHRs) for computational phenotyping. NLP-based computational phenotyping has numerous applications including diagnosis…
Since 2012, Deep learning has revolutionized Artificial Intelligence and has achieved state-of-the-art outcomes in different domains, ranging from Image Classification to Speech Generation. Though it has many potentials, our current…
Few-shot segmentation (FSS) is proposed to segment unknown class targets with just a few annotated samples. Most current FSS methods follow the paradigm of mining the semantics from the support images to guide the query image segmentation.…
This paper presents a comprehensive study to efficiently build named entity recognition (NER) systems when a small number of in-domain labeled data is available. Based upon recent Transformer-based self-supervised pre-trained language…
Clinical documentation is a critical factor for patient safety, diagnosis, and continuity of care. The administrative burden of EHRs is a significant factor in physician burnout. This is a critical issue for low-resource languages,…
Few-shot classification (FSC) is challenging due to the scarcity of labeled training data (e.g. only one labeled data point per class). Meta-learning has shown to achieve promising results by learning to initialize a classification model…
Meta-learning has been proposed as a framework to address the challenging few-shot learning setting. The key idea is to leverage a large number of similar few-shot tasks in order to learn how to adapt a base-learner to a new task for which…
Few-shot learning (FSL) has shown promise in vision but remains largely unexplored for \emph{industrial} time-series data, where annotating every new defect is prohibitively expensive. We present a systematic FSL study on screw-fastening…
The problem of training with a small set of positive samples is known as few-shot learning (FSL). It is widely known that traditional deep learning (DL) algorithms usually show very good performance when trained with large datasets.…
Task-oriented dialogue systems use four connected modules, namely, Natural Language Understanding (NLU), a Dialogue State Tracking (DST), Dialogue Policy (DP) and Natural Language Generation (NLG). A research challenge is to learn each…
Few-shot semantic segmentation (FSS) methods have shown great promise in handling data-scarce scenarios, particularly in medical image segmentation tasks. However, most existing FSS architectures lack sufficient interpretability and fail to…
Few-Shot Learning (FSL) algorithms are commonly trained through Meta-Learning (ML), which exposes models to batches of tasks sampled from a meta-dataset to mimic tasks seen during evaluation. However, the standard training procedures…
Few-shot learning is an important research field of machine learning in which a classifier must be trained in such a way that it can adapt to new classes which are not included in the training set. However, only small amounts of examples of…
Clinical prediction is an essential task in the healthcare industry. However, the recent success of transformers, on which large language models are built, has not been extended to this domain. In this research, we explore the use of…
Clinical Named Entity Recognition (CNER) aims to identify and classify clinical terms such as diseases, symptoms, treatments, exams, and body parts in electronic health records, which is a fundamental and crucial task for clinical and…
In-context learning is the paradigm that adapts large language models to downstream tasks by providing a few examples. Few-shot selection -- selecting appropriate examples for each test instance separately -- is important for in-context…
This paper evaluates Few-Shot Prompting with Large Language Models for Named Entity Recognition (NER). Traditional NER systems rely on extensive labeled datasets, which are costly and time-consuming to obtain. Few-Shot Prompting or…
Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly reshaped the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Among the various prompting techniques, few-shot prompting has gained considerable attention for its…
Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been shown to provide a good solution for classification problems that utilize data obtained from vibrational spectroscopy. Moreover, CNNs are capable of identification from noisy spectra without the…
Few-shot Semantic Segmentation (FSS) aims to adapt a pretrained model to new classes with as few as a single labelled training sample per class. Despite the prototype based approaches have achieved substantial success, existing models are…