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Following AI scaling trends, frontier models continue to grow in size and continue to be trained on larger datasets. Training these models requires huge investments in exascale computational resources, which has in turn driven developtment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Hiroki Naganuma , Xinzhi Zhang , Man-Chung Yue , Ioannis Mitliagkas , Philipp A. Witte , Russell J. Hewett , Yin Tat Lee

Large-scale AI model training divides work across thousands of GPUs, then synchronizes gradients across them at each step. This incurs a significant network burden that only centralized, monolithic clusters can support, driving up…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 David McAllister , Matthew Tancik , Jiaming Song , Angjoo Kanazawa

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has emerged as a promising 3D reconstruction technique. The traditional 3DGS training pipeline follows three sequential steps: Gaussian densification, Gaussian projection, and color splatting. Despite its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Junyi Wu , Jiaming Xu , Jinhao Li , Yongkang Zhou , Jiayi Pan , Xingyang Li , Guohao Dai

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown success in many real-world applications that involve graph-structured data. Most of the existing single-node GNN training systems are capable of training medium-scale graphs with tens of millions of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Yi-Chien Lin , Viktor Prasanna

Scheduling deep learning (DL) models to train on powerful clusters with accelerators like GPUs and TPUs, presently falls short, either lacking fine-grained heterogeneity awareness or leaving resources substantially under-utilized. To fill…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Abeda Sultana , Nabin Pakka , Fei Xu , Xu Yuan , Li Chen , Nian-Feng Tzeng

Training large-scale deep learning models has become a key challenge for the scientific community and industry. While the massive use of GPUs can significantly speed up training times, this approach has a negative impact on efficiency. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 David Cortes , Carlos Juiz , Belen Bermejo

Training deep learning models is a repetitive and resource-intensive process. Data scientists often train several models before landing on a set of parameters (e.g., hyper-parameter tuning) and model architecture (e.g., neural architecture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ties Robroek , Neil Kim Nielsen , Pınar Tözün

The increasing complexity of modern deep neural network models and the expanding sizes of datasets necessitate the development of optimized and scalable training methods. In this white paper, we addressed the challenge of efficiently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Raphael Ruschel , A. S. M. Iftekhar , B. S. Manjunath , Suya You

Deep Learning Training (DLT) is a growing workload in shared GPU/CPU clusters due to its high computational cost and increasing number of jobs. This contributes to significant energy consumption in GPU clusters, further exacerbated by GPU…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Kawsar Haghshenas , Mona Hashemi

The use of GPUs has proliferated for machine learning workflows and is now considered mainstream for many deep learning models. Meanwhile, when training state-of-the-art personal recommendation models, which consume the highest number of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Bilge Acun , Matthew Murphy , Xiaodong Wang , Jade Nie , Carole-Jean Wu , Kim Hazelwood

The increasingly deeper neural networks hinder the democratization of privacy-enhancing distributed learning, such as federated learning (FL), to resource-constrained devices. To overcome this challenge, in this paper, we advocate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Zheng Lin , Guangyu Zhu , Yiqin Deng , Xianhao Chen , Yue Gao , Kaibin Huang , Yuguang Fang

Ensuring the highest training throughput to maximize resource efficiency, while maintaining fairness among users, is critical for deep learning (DL) training in heterogeneous GPU clusters. However, current DL schedulers provide only limited…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Zizhao Mo , Huanle Xu , Wing Cheong Lau

Deep Learning (DL) model-based AI services are increasingly offered in a variety of predictive analytics services such as computer vision, natural language processing, speech recognition. However, the quality of the DL models can degrade…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Anirban Bhattacharjee , Ajay Dev Chhokra , Hongyang Sun , Shashank Shekhar , Aniruddha Gokhale , Gabor Karsai , Abhishek Dubey

Training foundation models, such as GPT-3 and PaLM, can be extremely expensive, often involving tens of thousands of GPUs running continuously for months. These models are typically trained in specialized clusters featuring fast,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Binhang Yuan , Yongjun He , Jared Quincy Davis , Tianyi Zhang , Tri Dao , Beidi Chen , Percy Liang , Christopher Re , Ce Zhang

Training time on large datasets for deep neural networks is the principal workflow bottleneck in a number of important applications of deep learning, such as object classification and detection in automatic driver assistance systems (ADAS).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Peter H. Jin , Qiaochu Yuan , Forrest Iandola , Kurt Keutzer

Asynchronous distributed algorithms are a popular way to reduce synchronization costs in large-scale optimization, and in particular for neural network training. However, for nonsmooth and nonconvex objectives, few convergence guarantees…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Malcolm Egan , Bapi Chatterjee , Dan Alistarh

The goal of Continual Learning (CL) is to continuously learn from new data streams and accomplish the corresponding tasks. Previously studied CL assumes that data are given in sequence nose-to-tail for different tasks, thus indeed belonging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Fan Lyu , Wei Feng , Yuepan Li , Qing Sun , Fanhua Shang , Liang Wan , Liang Wang

Structured Cartesian grids are a fundamental component in numerical simulations. Although these grids facilitate straightforward discretization schemes, their na\"{i}ve use in sparse domains leads to excessive memory overhead and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Fan Gu , Xiangyu Hu

Deep Learning approaches for real, large, and complex scientific data sets can be very challenging to design. In this work, we present a complete search for a finely-tuned and efficiently scaled deep learning classifier to identify usable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Vincent Dumont , Verónica Rodríguez Tribaldos , Jonathan Ajo-Franklin , Kesheng Wu

As the size of models and datasets grows, it has become increasingly common to train models in parallel. However, existing distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms suffer from insufficient utilization of computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Xin Zhou , Ling Chen , Houming Wu