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The operation of power grids is becoming increasingly data-centric. While the abundance of data could improve the efficiency of the system, it poses major reliability challenges. In particular, state estimation aims to learn the behavior of…
Cyber-physical systems are becoming core of the most modern systems consisting control, data sharing and real-time monitoring. While centralized control technique has been implemented in the past, recent innovation in distributed control…
Maritime systems, including ships and ports, are critical components of global infrastructure, essential for transporting over 80% of the world's goods and supporting internet connectivity. However, these systems face growing cybersecurity…
The modernization of power grid infrastructures necessitates the incorporation of decision support systems to effectively mitigate cybersecurity threats. This paper presents a comprehensive framework based on integrating Attack-Defense…
It is a well-known fact that today a nation's telecommunication networks, critical infrastructure, and information systems are vulnerable to growing number of attacks in cyberspace. Cyber space contains very different problems involving…
The integration of information and communication technology in distribution grids presents opportunities for active grid operation management, but also increases the need for security against power outages and cyberattacks. This paper…
A directive known as NIS2 was enacted in the European Union (EU) in late 2022. It deals particularly with European critical infrastructures, enlarging their scope substantially from an older directive that only considered the energy and…
Incident management is a classical topic in cyber security. Recently, the European Union (EU) has started to consider also the relation between cyber security incidents and cyber security crises. These considerations and preparations,…
Over the last two decades, the scale and complexity of Anonymous networks and its associated technologies grows exponentially as privacy has become a major concern of individuals. Also, some cyber attackers make use of privacy…
A smart city is a place where existing facilities and services are enhanced by digital technology to benefit people and companies. The most critical infrastructures in this city are interconnected. Increased data exchange across municipal…
Quantum computing is becoming increasingly widespread due to the potential and capabilities to solve complex problems beyond the scope of classical computers. As Quantum Cloud services are adopted by businesses and research groups, they…
This chapter provides an overview of the evolving landscape of attacks in cyber-physical systems (CPS) and critical infrastructures, highlighting the possible use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms to develop intelligent…
The UK Critical National Infrastructure is critically dependent on digital technologies that provide communications, monitoring, control, and decision-support functionalities. Digital technologies are progressively enhancing efficiency,…
The machinery of industrial environments was connected to the Internet years ago with the scope of increasing their performance. However, this change made such environments vulnerable against cyber-attacks that can compromise their correct…
Natural Disasters like hurricanes, floods or earthquakes can damage power grid devices and create cascading blackouts and islands. The nature of failure propagation and extent of damage is dependent on the structural features of the grid,…
In a brave new age of global connectivity and e-commerce, interconnections via networks have heightened, creating for both individuals and organizations, a state of complete dependence upon vulnerable systems for storage and transfer of…
Over the past few years, several research groups have introduced innovative hardware designs for Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs), aiming to secure applications against potentially compromised privileged software, including the kernel.…
A well-designed attack in the power system can cause an initial failure and then results in large-scale cascade failure. Several works have discussed power system attack through false data injection, line-maintaining attack, and…
The abundance of cyber-physical components in modern day power grid with their diverse hardware and software vulnerabilities has made it difficult to protect them from advanced persistent threats (APTs). An attack graph depicting the…
Our Critical Infrastructure (CI) systems are, by definition, critical to the safe and proper functioning of society. Nearly all of these systems utilize industrial Process Control Systems (PCS) to provide clean water, reliable electricity,…