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Observations of gamma-ray bursts up to $z\sim 9$ are best suited to study the possible evolution of the Universe equation of state at intermediate redshifts. We apply the Combo-relation to a sample of 174 gamma ray bursts to investigate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-03 M. Muccino , L. Izzo , O. Luongo , K. Boshkayev , L. Amati , M. Della Valle , G. B. Pisani , E. Zaninoni

The recent $\sim 4 \, \sigma$ Hubble constant, $H_{0}$, tension is observed between the value of $H_{0}$ from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia). It is a decade since this tension is excruciating the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 G. Bargiacchi , M. G. Dainotti , S. Nagataki , S. Capozziello

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) show evidence of different spectral shapes, light curves, duration, host galaxies and they explode within a wide redshift range. However, the most of them seems to follow very tight correlations among some observed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 F. Massaro , S. Cutini , M. L. Conciatore , A. Tramacere

We derive the peak luminosity - peak energy (L_iso - E_peak) correlation using 22 long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) with firm redshift measurements. We find that its slope is similar to the correlation between the time integrated isotropic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. Ghirlanda , G. Ghisellini , C. Firmani , A. Celotti , Z. Bosnjak

In this paper, we calibrate the luminosity relation of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) which is employed to analyze the Pantheon+ sample of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in a manner independent of cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-25 Zhen Huang , Xin Luo , Bin Zhang , Jianchao Feng , Puxun Wu , Yu Liu , Nan Liang

We present a sample of 74 Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) from the Fermi-GBM catalogue for which we compute the distance moduli and use them to constrain effective dark energy models. To overcome the circularity problem affecting GRBs as distance…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-01 Ariadna Montiel , J. I. Cabrera , Juan Carlos Hidalgo

We study the accelerated expansion phase of the universe by using the {\textit{kinematic approach}}. In particular, the deceleration parameter $q$ is parametrized in a model-independent way. Considering a generalized parametrization for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-22 Abdulla Al Mamon , Kazuharu Bamba

So far large and different data sets revealed the accelerated expansion rate of the Universe, which is usually explained in terms of dark energy. The nature of dark energy is not yet known, and several models have been introduced: a non…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-16 M. Demianski , E. Piedipalumbo , D. Sawant , L. Amati

It has been recently empirically established that some of the directly observed pa- rameters of GRBs are correlated with their important intrinsic parameters, like the luminosity or the total radiated energy. These correlations were…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Marek Demianski , Ester Piedipalumbo , Claudio Rubano

Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) are highly energetic events that can be observed at extremely high redshift. However, inherent bias in GRB data due to selection effects and redshift evolution can significantly skew any subsequent analysis. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-23 Maria Dainotti , Delina Levine , Nissim Fraija , Poonam Chandra

In this paper, we compile a \emph{Fermi} sample of the \emph{long} GRB observations from 15 years of GBM catalogue with identified redshift, in which the GOLD sample contains 123 long GRBs at $z\le5.6$ and the FULL sample contains 151 long…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-04 Huifeng Wang , Nan Liang

Several correlations among Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) quantities, both in the prompt and afterglow emissions, have been established during the last decades, thus enabling the standardization of GRBs as cosmological probes. Since GRBs are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-29 Giada Bargiacchi , Maria Giovanna Dainotti , Salvatore Capozziello

The current knowledge in cosmology deals with open problems whose solutions are still under investigation. The main issue is the so-called Hubble constant ($H_0$) tension, namely, the $4-6 \sigma$ discrepancy between the local value of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-23 Maria Giovanna Dainotti , Biagio De Simone , Aditya Narendra , Agnieszka Pollo

The $\Lambda$ Cold Dark Matter ($\Lambda$CDM) cosmological model has been highly successful in predicting cosmic structure and evolution, yet recent precision measurements have highlighted discrepancies, especially in the Hubble constant…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-08 Purba Mukherjee , Maria Giovanna Dainotti , Konstantinos F. Dialektopoulos , Jackson Levi Said , Jurgen Mifsud

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are spectacularly energetic events, with the potential to inform on the early universe and its evolution, once their redshifts are known. Unfortunately, determining redshifts is a painstaking procedure requiring…

Testing the $\Lambda$CDM model requires cosmological probes spanning the wide redshift interval between Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia, $z\lesssim2.9$) and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB, $z\approx1100$). Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), observed…

The use of GRB energetics for cosmography has long been advanced as a means to probe out to high redshifts, to the epoch of deceleration. However, the prompt energy release in GRBs, even when corrected for jetting geometry, is far from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrew S. Friedman , Joshua S. Bloom

This paper aims to put constraints on the transition redshift $z_t$, which determines the onset of cosmic acceleration, in cosmological-model independent frameworks. In order to perform our analyses, we consider a flat universe and {assume}…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-31 J. F. Jesus , R. F. L. Holanda , S. H. Pereira

One of the few ways to measure the properties of Dark Energy is to extend the Hubble daigram (HD) to higher redshifts with Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). GRBs have at least five properties (their spectral lag, variability, spectral peak photon…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-07 Bradley E. Schaefer

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be probes of the early universe, but currently, only 26% of GRBs observed by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory GRBs have known redshifts ($z$) due to observational limitations. To address this, we estimated the…