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In this paper we prove the Dichotomy Conjecture on the complexity of nonuniform constraint satisfaction problems posed by Feder and Vardi.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Andrei A. Bulatov

The CSP (constraint satisfaction problems) is a class of problems deciding whether there exists a homomorphism from an instance relational structure to a target one. The CSP dichotomy is a profound result recently proved by Zhuk (2020, J.…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-01-13 Azza Gaysin

In a non-uniform Constraint Satisfaction problem CSP(G), where G is a set of relations on a finite set A, the goal is to find an assignment of values to variables subject to constraints imposed on specified sets of variables using the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Andrei A. Bulatov

Conservative constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) constitute an important particular case of the general CSP, in which the allowed values of each variable can be restricted in an arbitrary way. Problems of this type are well studied for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-08-19 Andrei A. Bulatov

One of the central problems in the study of parametrized constraint satisfaction problems is the Dichotomy Conjecture by T. Feder and M. Vardi stating that the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) over a fixed, finite constraint language…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Dejan Delić

Bulatov (2008) gave a dichotomy for the counting constraint satisfaction problem #CSP. A problem from #CSP is characterised by a constraint language, which is a fixed, finite set of relations over a finite domain D. An instance of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-08-18 Martin Dyer , David Richerby

The Feder-Vardi dichotomy conjecture for Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) with finite templates, confirmed independently by Bulatov and Zhuk, has an extension to certain well-behaved infinite templates due to Bodirsky and Pinsker…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Michael Pinsker , Jakub Rydval , Moritz Schöbi , Christoph Spiess , Paul Winkler

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) has been intensively studied in many areas of computer science and mathematics. The approach to the CSP based on tools from universal algebra turned out to be the most successful one to study the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-01-16 Andrei A. Bulatov

The so-called algebraic approach to the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) has been a prevalent method of the study of complexity of these problems since early 2000's. The core of this approach is the notion of polymorphisms which…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Maximilian Hadek , Tomáš Jakl , Jakub Opršal

A classic result due to Schaefer (1978) classifies all constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) over the Boolean domain as being either in $\mathsf{P}$ or $\mathsf{NP}$-hard. This paper considers a promise-problem variant of CSPs called…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Joshua Brakensiek , Venkatesan Guruswami

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) can be formulated as a homomorphism problem between relational structures: given a structure $\mathcal{A}$, for any structure $\mathcal{X}$, whether there exists a homomorphism from $\mathcal{X}$ to…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Azza Gaysin

Many natural combinatorial problems can be expressed as constraint satisfaction problems. This class of problems is known to be NP-complete in general, but certain restrictions on the form of the constraints can ensure tractability. The…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Dmitriy Zhuk

We determine the computational complexity of approximately counting the total weight of variable assignments for every complex-weighted Boolean constraint satisfaction problem (or CSP) with any number of additional unary (i.e., arity 1)…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Tomoyuki Yamakami

The constraint satisfaction problem asks to decide if a set of constraints over a relational structure $\mathcal{A}$ is satisfiable (CSP$(\mathcal{A})$). We consider CSP$(\mathcal{A} \cup \mathcal{B})$ where $\mathcal{A}$ is a structure and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Peter Jonsson , Victor Lagerkvist , George Osipov

For a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), a robust satisfaction algorithm is one that outputs an assignment satisfying most of the constraints on instances that are near-satisfiable. It is known that the CSPs that admit efficient robust…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Joshua Brakensiek , Venkatesan Guruswami , Sai Sandeep

Although the CSP (constraint satisfaction problem) is NP-complete, even in the case when all constraints are binary, certain classes of instances are tractable. We study classes of instances defined by excluding subproblems. This approach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-01-19 Martin C. Cooper , Guillaume Escamocher

Feder-Vardi conjecture, which proposed that every finite-domain Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is either in P or it is NP-complete, has been solved independently by Bulatov and Zhuk almost ten years ago. Bodirsky-Pinsker conjecture…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Leonid Dorochko , Michał Wrona

A discrete temporal constraint satisfaction problem is a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) whose constraint language consists of relations that are first-order definable over $(\Bbb Z,<)$. Our main result says that every distance CSP is…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Manuel Bodirsky , Barnaby Martin , Antoine Mottet

A Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is a computational problem where we are given variables and constraints about them; the question is whether the variables can be assigned values such that all constraints are satisfied. We give an…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Michael Pinsker

Constraint satisfaction problems (or CSPs) have been extensively studied in, for instance, artificial intelligence, database theory, graph theory, and statistical physics. From a practical viewpoint, it is beneficial to approximately solve…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-10-17 Tomoyuki Yamakami
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