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End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, by now, have shown competitive performance on several benchmarks. These models are structured to either operate in streaming or non-streaming mode. This work presents cascaded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-29 Arun Narayanan , Tara N. Sainath , Ruoming Pang , Jiahui Yu , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Ehsan Variani , Trevor Strohman

Mispronunciation detection and diagnosis (MDD) is a popular research focus in computer-aided pronunciation training (CAPT) systems. End-to-end (e2e) approaches are becoming dominant in MDD. However an e2e MDD model usually requires entire…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Nianzu Zheng , Liqun Deng , Wenyong Huang , Yu Ting Yeung , Baohua Xu , Yuanyuan Guo , Yasheng Wang , Xiao Chen , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Interactive voice assistants have been widely used as input interfaces in various scenarios, e.g. on smart homes devices, wearables and on AR devices. Detecting the end of a speech query, i.e. speech end-pointing, is an important task for…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Dawei Liang , Hang Su , Tarun Singh , Jay Mahadeokar , Shanil Puri , Jiedan Zhu , Edison Thomaz , Mike Seltzer

Research on hate speech has predominantly revolved around detection and interpretation from textual inputs, leaving verbal content largely unexplored. While there has been limited exploration into hate speech detection within verbal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jinmyeong An , Wonjun Lee , Yejin Jeon , Jungseul Ok , Yunsu Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee

This paper focuses on the problem of query by example spoken term detection (QbE-STD) in zero-resource scenario. State-of-the-art approaches primarily rely on dynamic time warping (DTW) based template matching techniques using phone…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-20 Dhananjay Ram , Lesly Miculicich , Hervé Bourlard

In this paper, we propose a streaming model to distinguish voice queries intended for a smart-home device from background speech. The proposed model consists of multiple CNN layers with residual connections, followed by a stacked LSTM…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-21 Xiaosu Tong , Che-Wei Huang , Sri Harish Mallidi , Shaun Joseph , Sonal Pareek , Chander Chandak , Ariya Rastrow , Roland Maas

As speech-enabled devices such as smartphones and smart speakers become increasingly ubiquitous, there is growing interest in building automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems that can run directly on-device; end-to-end (E2E) speech…

End-to-end (E2E) spoken language understanding (SLU) systems that generate a semantic parse from speech have become more promising recently. This approach uses a single model that utilizes audio and text representations from pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Suyoun Kim , Akshat Shrivastava , Duc Le , Ju Lin , Ozlem Kalinli , Michael L. Seltzer

The unified streaming and non-streaming two-pass (U2) end-to-end model for speech recognition has shown great performance in terms of streaming capability, accuracy, real-time factor (RTF), and latency. In this paper, we present U2++, an…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Di Wu , Binbin Zhang , Chao Yang , Zhendong Peng , Wenjing Xia , Xiaoyu Chen , Xin Lei

This paper addresses the problem of end-to-end (E2E) design of learning and communication in a task-oriented semantic communication system. In particular, we consider a multi-device cooperative edge inference system over a wireless…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Chang Cai , Xiaojun Yuan , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

End-to-end (E2E) approaches to keyword search (KWS) are considerably simpler in terms of training and indexing complexity when compared to approaches which use the output of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. This simplification…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Bolaji Yusuf , Murat Saraçlar

In the last decade of automatic speech recognition (ASR) research, the introduction of deep learning brought considerable reductions in word error rate of more than 50% relative, compared to modeling without deep learning. In the wake of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Rohit Prabhavalkar , Takaaki Hori , Tara N. Sainath , Ralf Schlüter , Shinji Watanabe

We present a real-time front-end for voice-based conversational AI to enable natural turn-taking in two-speaker scenarios by combining primary speaker segmentation with hierarchical End-of-Turn (EOT) detection. To operate robustly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Karim Helwani , Hoang Do , James Luan , Sriram Srinivasan

It is difficult for an E2E ASR system to recognize words such as entities appearing infrequently in the training data. A widely used method to mitigate this issue is feeding contextual information into the acoustic model. Previous works…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Zhanheng Yang , Sining Sun , Xiong Wang , Yike Zhang , Long Ma , Lei Xie

Neural end-to-end (E2E) models have become a promising technique to realize practical automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. When realizing such a system, one important issue is the segmentation of audio to deal with streaming input or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-19 Yuya Fujita , Tianzi Wang , Shinji Watanabe , Motoi Omachi

A number of methods have been proposed for End-to-End Spoken Language Understanding (E2E-SLU) using pretrained models, however their evaluation often lacks multilingual setup and tasks that require prediction of lexical fillers, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Pavel Denisov , Ngoc Thang Vu

Speech-to-text (S2T) summarization is a time-saving technique for filtering and keeping up with the broadcast news uploaded online on a daily basis. The rise of large language models from deep learning with impressive text generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Raul Monteiro , Diogo Pernes

When interacting with smart devices such as mobile phones or wearables, the user typically invokes a virtual assistant (VA) by saying a keyword or by pressing a button on the device. However, in many cases, the VA can accidentally be…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Ognjen Rudovic , Akanksha Bindal , Vineet Garg , Pramod Simha , Pranay Dighe , Sachin Kajarekar

End-to-end speech summarization (E2E SSum) directly summarizes input speech into easy-to-read short sentences with a single model. This approach is promising because it, in contrast to the conventional cascade approach, can utilize full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Kohei Matsuura , Takanori Ashihara , Takafumi Moriya , Tomohiro Tanaka , Takatomo Kano , Atsunori Ogawa , Marc Delcroix

Recently, the unified streaming and non-streaming two-pass (U2/U2++) end-to-end model for speech recognition has shown great performance in terms of streaming capability, accuracy and latency. In this paper, we present fast-U2++, an…