English
Related papers

Related papers: ANAct: Adaptive Normalization for Activation Funct…

200 papers

We extended the work of proposed activation function, Noisy Softplus, to fit into training of layered up spiking neural networks (SNNs). Thus, any ANN employing Noisy Softplus neurons, even of deep architecture, can be trained simply by the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Qian Liu , Yunhua Chen , Steve Furber

A systematic mismatch exists between mathematically ideal and effective activation updates during gradient descent. As intended, parameters update in their direction of steepest descent. However, activations are argued to constitute a more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 George Bird

Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) have been garnering interest thanks to their compute cost reduction and memory savings. However, BNNs suffer from performance degradation mainly due to the gradient mismatch caused by binarizing activations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Hyungjun Kim , Kyungsu Kim , Jinseok Kim , Jae-Joon Kim

We study the effect of normalization on the layers of deep neural networks of feed-forward type. A given layer $i$ with $N_{i}$ hidden units is allowed to be normalized by $1/N_{i}^{\gamma_{i}}$ with $\gamma_{i}\in[1/2,1]$ and we study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Jiahui Yu , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

Normalization layers and activation functions are fundamental components in deep networks and typically co-locate with each other. Here we propose to design them using an automated approach. Instead of designing them separately, we unify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Hanxiao Liu , Andrew Brock , Karen Simonyan , Quoc V. Le

The back-propagation algorithm is widely used for learning in artificial neural networks. A challenge in machine learning is to create models that generalize to new data samples not seen in the training data. Recently, a common flaw in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-04-07 Arild Nøkland

Normalization techniques have only recently begun to be exploited in supervised learning tasks. Batch normalization exploits mini-batch statistics to normalize the activations. This was shown to speed up training and result in better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-08 Mengye Ren , Renjie Liao , Raquel Urtasun , Fabian H. Sinz , Richard S. Zemel

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) and neuromorphic computing offer bio-inspired advantages such as sparsity and ultra-low power consumption, providing a promising alternative to conventional networks. However, training deep SNNs from scratch…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Aurora Micheli , Olaf Booij , Jan van Gemert , Nergis Tömen

The scope of research in the domain of activation functions remains limited and centered around improving the ease of optimization or generalization quality of neural networks (NNs). However, to develop a deeper understanding of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Mohit Goyal , Rajan Goyal , Brejesh Lall

Adversarial training is one of the most effective defenses against adversarial attacks. Previous works suggest that overfitting is a dominant phenomenon in adversarial training leading to a large generalization gap between test and train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Vasu Singla , Sahil Singla , David Jacobs , Soheil Feizi

Common nonlinear activation functions used in neural networks can cause training difficulties due to the saturation behavior of the activation function, which may hide dependencies that are not visible to vanilla-SGD (using first order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Caglar Gulcehre , Marcin Moczulski , Misha Denil , Yoshua Bengio

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained great attraction due to their distinctive properties of low power consumption and fast inference on neuromorphic hardware. As the most effective method to get deep SNNs, ANN-SNN conversion has…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Tong Bu , Wei Fang , Jianhao Ding , PengLin Dai , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang

Continual learning entails learning a sequence of tasks and balancing their knowledge appropriately. With limited access to old training samples, much of the current work in deep neural networks has focused on overcoming catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Yilin Lyu , Liyuan Wang , Xingxing Zhang , Zicheng Sun , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Liping Jing

To enhance the nonlinearity of neural networks and increase their mapping abilities between the inputs and response variables, activation functions play a crucial role to model more complex relationships and patterns in the data. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Haigen Hu , Aizhu Liu , Qiu Guan , Xiaoxin Li , Shengyong Chen , Qianwei Zhou

We present a simple neural network model which combines a locally-connected feedforward structure, as is traditionally used to model inter-neuron connectivity, with a layer of undifferentiated connections which model the diffuse projections…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2010-01-21 Leendert A. Remmelzwaal , Jonathan Tapson , George F. R. Ellis

We analyze a simple one-hidden-layer neural network with ReLU activation functions and fixed biases, with one-dimensional input and output. We study both continuous and discrete versions of the model, and we rigorously prove the convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Fabricio Macià , Shu Nakamura

Normalization layers have recently experienced a renaissance in the deep reinforcement learning and continual learning literature, with several works highlighting diverse benefits such as improving loss landscape conditioning and combatting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Clare Lyle , Zeyu Zheng , Khimya Khetarpal , James Martens , Hado van Hasselt , Razvan Pascanu , Will Dabney

We consider shallow (single hidden layer) neural networks and characterize their performance when trained with stochastic gradient descent as the number of hidden units $N$ and gradient descent steps grow to infinity. In particular, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-02 Jiahui Yu , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

The Spiking Neural Network (SNN) is a biologically inspired neural network infrastructure that has recently garnered significant attention. It utilizes binary spike activations to transmit information, thereby replacing multiplications with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Yufei Guo , Yuanpei Chen , Zecheng Hao , Weihang Peng , Zhou Jie , Yuhan Zhang , Xiaode Liu , Zhe Ma

Interest in spiking neural networks (SNNs) has been growing steadily, promising an energy-efficient alternative to formal neural networks (FNNs), commonly known as artificial neural networks (ANNs). Despite increasing interest, especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Thomas Louis , Benoit Miramond , Alain Pegatoquet , Adrien Girard