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Understanding the emergence of cooperation is a central issue in evolutionary game theory. The hardest setup for the attainment of cooperation in a population of individuals is the Public Goods game in which cooperative agents generate a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-10-29 Alex Arenas , Juan Camacho , José A. Cuesta , Rubén Requejo

We consider the coupled dynamics of the adaption of network structure and the evolution of strategies played by individuals occupying the network vertices. We propose a computational model in which each agent plays a $n$-round Prisoner's…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-11-05 Feng Fu , Xiaojie Chen , Lianghuan Liu , Long Wang

Cooperation in repeated public goods game is hardly achieved, unless contingent behavior is present. Surely, if mechanisms promoting positive assortment between cooperators are present, then cooperators may beat defectors, because…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-06-24 Lucas Wardil , Marco A. Amaral

Prevalence of cooperation within groups of selfish individuals is puzzling in that it contradicts with the basic premise of natural selection. Favoring players with higher fitness, the latter is key for understanding the challenges faced by…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-09-08 Matjaz Perc , Attila Szolnoki

This work studies the impact of economic inequality on the evolution of intolerance through a reputation-based model of indirect reciprocity. Results show that economic inequality is a powerful enhancer of intolerance, inducing the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-01-17 Luis A. Martinez-Vaquero

Many real systems are strongly characterized by collective cooperative phenomena whose existence and properties still need a satisfactory explanation. Coherently with their collective nature, they call for new and more accurate descriptions…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-07-30 Giulio Burgio , Joan T. Matamalas , Sergio Gómez , Alex Arenas

Evolution of cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma and the public goods game is studied, where initially players belong to two independent structured populations. Simultaneously with the strategy evolution, players whose current utility…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-04-04 Zhen Wang , Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

Understanding the evolution of cooperation in multiplayer games is of vital significance for natural and social systems. An important challenge is that group interactions often leads to nonlinear synergistic effects. However, previous…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-13 Wenqiang Zhu , Xin Wang , Chaoqian Wang , Longzhao Liu , Jiaxin Hu , Zhiming Zheng , Shaoting Tang , Hongwei Zheng , Jin Dong

Properly coordinating cooperation is relevant for resolving public good problems such as clean energy and environmental protection. However, little is known about how individuals can coordinate themselves for a certain level of cooperation…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-04-26 Tatsuya Sasaki , Satoshi Uchida

Indirect reciprocity maintains cooperation in stranger societies by mapping individual behaviors onto reputation signals via social norms. Existing theoretical frameworks assume static environments with constant resources and fixed payoff…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-04 Yishen Jiang , Xin Wang , Ming Wei , Wenqiang Zhu , Longzhao Liu , Hongwei Zheng , Shaoting Tang

Social structure affects the emergence and maintenance of cooperation. Here we study the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation in fragmented societies, and show that conjoining segregated cooperation-inhibiting groups, if done properly,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Babak Fotouhi , Naghmeh Momeni , Benjamin Allen , Martin A. Nowak

Recently, reputation-based indirect reciprocity has been widely applied to the study on fairness behavior. Previous works mainly investigate indirect reciprocity by considering compulsory participation. While in reality, individuals may…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Yanling Zhang , Yin Li , Xiaojie Chen , Guangming Xie

Evolution of cooperation is a widely studied problem in biology, social science, economics, and artificial intelligence. Most of the existing approaches that explain cooperation rely on some notion of direct or indirect reciprocity. These…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-21 Asrar Ahmed , Kamalakar Karlapalem

The emergence of collective cooperation in competitive environments is a well-known phenomenon in biology, economics, and social systems. While most evolutionary game models focus on the evolution of strategies for a fixed game, how…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-01 Onkar Sadekar , Andrea Civilini , Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes , Vito Latora , Federico Battiston

The public goods game is a broadly used paradigm for studying the evolution of cooperation in structured populations. According to the basic assumption, the interaction graph determines the connections of a player where the focal actor…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-04-24 Ju Han , Xiaojie Chen , Attila Szolnoki

Reputation is a powerful mechanism to enforce cooperation among unrelated individuals through indirect reciprocity, but it suffers from disagreement originating from private assessment, noise, and incomplete information. In this work, we…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-12 Sanghun Lee , Yohsuke Murase , Seung Ki Baek

According to evolutionary game theory, cooperation in public goods games is eliminated by free-riders, yet in nature, cooperation is ubiquitous. Artificial models resolve this contradiction via the mechanism of network reciprocity. However,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-10 Steve Miller , Joshua Knowles

The public goods game is one of the most famous models for studying the evolution of cooperation in sizable groups. The multiplication factor in this game can characterize the investment return from the public good, which may be variable…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-10-26 Xiaojie Chen , Yongkui Liu , Yonghui Zhou , Long Wang , Matjaz Perc

Direct reciprocity is a powerful mechanism for evolution of cooperation based on repeated interactions between the same individuals. But high levels of cooperation evolve only if the benefit-to-cost ratio exceeds a certain threshold that…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-31 Josef Tkadlec , Christian Hilbe , Martin A. Nowak

Altruistic cooperation is costly yet socially desirable. As a result, agents struggle to learn cooperative policies through independent reinforcement learning (RL). Indirect reciprocity, where agents consider their interaction partner's…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Martin Smit , Fernando P. Santos