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Combining discrete and continuous data is an important capability for generative models. We present Discrete Flow Models (DFMs), a new flow-based model of discrete data that provides the missing link in enabling flow-based generative models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-07 Andrew Campbell , Jason Yim , Regina Barzilay , Tom Rainforth , Tommi Jaakkola

Copulas are a fundamental tool for modelling multivariate dependencies in data, forming the method of choice in diverse fields and applications. However, the adoption of existing models for multimodal and high-dimensional dependencies is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-20 David Huk , Theodoros Damoulas

We propose a seamless multiscale method which approximates the macroscopic behavior of the passive advection-diffusion equations with steady incompressible velocity fields with multi-spatial scales. The method uses decompositions of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-06-22 Yoonsang Lee , Bjorn Engquist

We introduce a new paradigm for generative modeling built on Continuous Normalizing Flows (CNFs), allowing us to train CNFs at unprecedented scale. Specifically, we present the notion of Flow Matching (FM), a simulation-free approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yaron Lipman , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Heli Ben-Hamu , Maximilian Nickel , Matt Le

While normalizing flows have led to significant advances in modeling high-dimensional continuous distributions, their applicability to discrete distributions remains unknown. In this paper, we show that flows can in fact be extended to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Dustin Tran , Keyon Vafa , Kumar Krishna Agrawal , Laurent Dinh , Ben Poole

The design space of discrete-space diffusion or flow generative models are significantly less well-understood than their continuous-space counterparts, with many works focusing only on a simple masked construction. In this work, we aim to…

Diffusion Probabilistic Field (DPF) models the distribution of continuous functions defined over metric spaces. While DPF shows great potential for unifying data generation of various modalities including images, videos, and 3D geometry, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Kangfu Mei , Mo Zhou , Vishal M. Patel

We introduce manifold-learning flows (M-flows), a new class of generative models that simultaneously learn the data manifold as well as a tractable probability density on that manifold. Combining aspects of normalizing flows, GANs,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-16 Johann Brehmer , Kyle Cranmer

Generative AI has achieved remarkable empirical success, but from the perspective of statistics it often remains opaque: its predictions may be accurate, yet the underlying mechanism is difficult to interpret, analyze, and trust. This book…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-11 Shinto Eguchi

In this paper, properties of a recently proposed mathematical model for data flow in large-scale asynchronous computer systems are analyzed. In particular, the existence of special weak solutions based on propagating fronts is established.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-07-28 C. D. Hauck , M. Herty , G. Visconti

Diffusion models have emerged as one of the most promising frameworks for deep generative modeling. In this work, we explore the potential of non-uniform diffusion models. We show that non-uniform diffusion leads to multi-scale diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Georgios Batzolis , Jan Stanczuk , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Christian Etmann

We develop numerical multiscale methods for viscous boundary layer flow. The goal is to derive effective boundary conditions, or wall laws, through high resolution simulations localized to the boundary coupled to a coarser simulation in the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-14 Sean Carney , Björn Engquist

In this work, an efficient physics-constrained deep learning model is developed for solving multiphase flow in 3D heterogeneous porous media. The model fully leverages the spatial topology predictive capability of convolutional neural…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-05-21 Bicheng Yan , Dylan Robert Harp , Bailian Chen , Rajesh Pawar

Normalizing Flows explicitly maximize a full-dimensional likelihood on the training data. However, real data is typically only supported on a lower-dimensional manifold leading the model to expend significant compute on modeling noise.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Peter Sorrenson , Felix Draxler , Armand Rousselot , Sander Hummerich , Lea Zimmermann , Ullrich Köthe

Multi-fidelity methods are prominently used when cheaply-obtained, but possibly biased and noisy, observations must be effectively combined with limited or expensive true data in order to construct reliable models. This arises in both…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-19 Kurt Cutajar , Mark Pullin , Andreas Damianou , Neil Lawrence , Javier González

This paper presents a hybrid approach between scale-space theory and deep learning, where a deep learning architecture is constructed by coupling parameterized scale-space operations in cascade. By sharing the learnt parameters between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Tony Lindeberg

Generative modeling has emerged as a powerful paradigm for representation learning, but its direct applicability to challenging fields like medical imaging remains limited: mere generation, without task alignment, fails to provide a robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Luca Caldera , Giacomo Bottacini , Lara Cavinato

Current learned image compression models typically exhibit high complexity, which demands significant computational resources. To overcome these challenges, we propose an innovative approach that employs hierarchical feature extraction…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-01 Ayman A. Ameen , Thomas Richter , André Kaup

Generative models have achieved remarkable progress with the emergence of flow matching (FM). It has demonstrated strong generative capabilities and attracted significant attention as a simulation-free flow-based framework capable of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Huynh Trinh Ngoc , Hoang Anh Nguyen Kim , Toan Nguyen Hai , Long Tran Quoc

Recent advances in inverse problem solving have increasingly adopted flow priors over diffusion models due to their ability to construct straight probability paths from noise to data, thereby enhancing efficiency in both training and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hossein Askari , Yadan Luo , Hongfu Sun , Fred Roosta