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This paper connects multi-agent path planning on graphs (roadmaps) to network flow problems, showing that the former can be reduced to the latter, therefore enabling the application of combinatorial network flow algorithms, as well as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Jingjin Yu , Steven M. LaValle

In environments where many automated guided vehicles (AGVs) operate, planning efficient, collision-free paths is essential. Related research has mainly focused on environments with pre-defined passages, resulting in space inefficiency. We…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Hiroya Makino , Yoshihiro Ohama , Seigo Ito

In multi-agent search planning for a randomly moving and camouflaging target, we examine heterogeneous searchers that differ in terms of their endurance level, travel speed, and detection ability. This leads to a convex mixed-integer…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-03 Miguel Lejeune , Johannes O. Royset , Wenbo Ma

We study Multi-Agent Path Finding for arrangements of labeled agents in the interior of a simply connected domain: Given a unique start and target position for each agent, the goal is to find a sequence of parallel, collision-free agent…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Sándor P. Fekete , Ramin Kosfeld , Peter Kramer , Jonas Neutzner , Christian Rieck , Christian Scheffer

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) poses a significant and challenging problem critical for applications in robotics and logistics, particularly due to its combinatorial complexity and the partial observability inherent in realistic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Merve Atasever , Matthew Hong , Mihir Nitin Kulkarni , Qingpei Li , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh

This paper addresses a generalization problem of Multi-Agent Pathfinding (MAPF), called Collaborative Task Sequencing - Multi-Agent Pathfinding (CTS-MAPF), where agents must plan collision-free paths and visit a series of intermediate task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Junkai Jiang , Ruochen Li , Yibin Yang , Yihe Chen , Yuning Wang , Shaobing Xu , Jianqiang Wang

Distributed Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) integrated with Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a prominent research focus, enabling real-time cooperative decision-making in partially observable environments through…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Guotao Li , Shaoyun Xu , Yuexing Hao , Yang Wang , Yuhui Sun

State-of-the-art motion planners cannot scale to a large number of systems. Motion planning for multiple agents is an NP (non-deterministic polynomial-time) hard problem, so the computation time increases exponentially with each addition of…

The pebble-motion on graphs is a subcategory of multi-agent pathfinding problems dealing with moving multiple pebble-like objects from a node to a node in a graph with a constraint that only one pebble can occupy one node at a given time.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Miroslav Kulich , Tomáš Novák , Libor Přeucil

Multi-Agent Pickup and Delivery (MAPD) is a challenging extension of Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF), where agents are required to sequentially complete tasks with fixed-location pickup and delivery demands. Although learning-based methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zeyuan Zhao , Chaoran Li , Shao Zhang , Ying Wen

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) aims to compute collision-free paths for multiple agents and has a wide range of practical applications. LaCAM*, an anytime configuration-based solver, currently represents the state of the art. Recent work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Bojie Shen , Yue Zhang , Zhe Chen , Daniel Harabor

Traditional multi-agent path finding (MAPF) methods try to compute entire start-goal paths which are collision free. However, computing an entire path can take too long for MAPF systems where agents need to replan fast. Methods that address…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Rishi Veerapaneni , Muhammad Suhail Saleem , Jiaoyang Li , Maxim Likhachev

We propose a distributed planning method with asynchronous execution for multi-agent pickup and delivery (MAPD) problems for environments with occasional delays in agents' activities and flexible endpoints. MAPD is a crucial problem…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Yuki Miyashita , Tomoki Yamauchi , Toshiharu Sugawara

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is an NP-hard problem with applications in warehouse automation and multi-robot coordination. Learning-based MAPF solvers offer fast and scalable planning but often produce feasible trajectories that contain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yimin Tang , Sven Koenig , Erdem Bıyık

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is the problem of finding a set of collision-free paths, one for each agent in a shared environment. Its objective is to minimize the sum of path costs (SOC), where the path cost of each agent is defined as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Shao-Hung Chan , Thomy Phan , Jiaoyang Li , Sven Koenig

Anytime multi-agent path finding (MAPF) is a promising approach to scalable path optimization in large-scale multi-agent systems. State-of-the-art anytime MAPF is based on Large Neighborhood Search (LNS), where a fast initial solution is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Thomy Phan , Taoan Huang , Bistra Dilkina , Sven Koenig

This paper addresses a generalization of the well known multi-agent path finding (MAPF) problem that optimizes multiple conflicting objectives simultaneously such as travel time and path risk. This generalization, referred to as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Zhongqiang Ren , Sivakumar Rathinam , Maxim Likhachev , Howie Choset

In this paper, we plan missions for a fleet of agents in undirected graphs, such as grids, with multiple goals. In contrast to regular multi-agent path-finding, the solver finds and updates the assignment of goals to the agents on its own.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Stefan Edelkamp

The problem of Multi-agent Path Finding (MAPF) consists in providing agents with efficient paths while preventing collisions. Numerous solvers have been developed so far since MAPF is critical for practical applications such as automated…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Keisuke Okumura , Yasumasa Tamura , Xavier Défago

Multi-Agent Pickup and Delivery (MAPD) is the problem of computing collision-free paths for a group of agents such that they can safely reach delivery locations from pickup ones. These locations are provided at runtime, making MAPD a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Giacomo Lodigiani , Nicola Basilico , Francesco Amigoni
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