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We have constructed a Bayesian neural network able of retrieving tropospheric temperature profiles from rotational Raman-scatter measurements of nitrogen and oxygen and applied it to measurements taken by the RAman Lidar for Meteorological…
We propose a new method for retrieving the atmospheric number density profile in the lower thermosphere, based on the X-ray Earth occultation of the Crab Nebula with the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (\emph{Insight}-HXMT) Satellite. The…
We present new measurements of the vertical density profile of the Earth's atmosphere at altitudes between 70 and 200 km, based on Earth occultations of the Crab Nebula observed with the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer onboard Suzaku and the…
Machine learning (ML) models have become increasingly valuable in weather forecasting, providing forecasts that not only lower computational costs but often match or exceed the accuracy of traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP)…
Low-cost air quality sensors (LCS) provide a practical alternative to expensive regulatory-grade instruments, making dense urban monitoring networks possible. Yet their adoption is limited by calibration challenges, including sensor drift,…
Recent observations in emission, extinction, and polarisation have at least partially invalidated most of the astronomical standard grain models for the diffuse ISM. Moreover, lab measurements on interstellar silicate analogues have shown…
This study explores the use of historical data from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) scintillation monitoring receivers to predict the severity of amplitude scintillation, a phenomenon where electron density irregularities in the…
There has been growing interest in extending the coverage of ground PM2.5 monitoring networks based on satellite remote sensing data. With broad spatial and temporal coverage, satellite based monitoring network has a strong potential to…
Surveys for transient and variable phenomena can be confounded by the presence of extrinsic variability such as refractive interstellar scintillation (RISS). We have developed an all-sky model for RISS which can predict variability on a…
Marine litter poses significant threats to marine and coastal environments, with its impacts ever-growing. Remote sensing provides an advantageous supplement to traditional mitigation techniques, such as local cleaning operations and trawl…
This paper presents a novel mathematical framework for phase unwrapping in three-dimensional interferometric ISAR (3D InISAR) imaging. The approach works on a scatterer-by-scatterer basis and does not rely on any spatial continuity…
Low-cost particulate matter sensors (LCS) are an important source of air quality data, improving the spatial and temporal resolution of data gathered by sparsely placed official monitoring stations. Their readings, however, are subject to…
Accurate prediction of global sea surface temperature at sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescale is critical for drought and flood forecasting, as well as for improving disaster preparedness in human society. Government departments or…
With the development of ever-improving telescopes capable of observing exoplanet atmospheres in greater detail and number, there is a growing demand for enhanced 3D climate models to support and help interpret observational data from space…
Monitoring the fuel moisture content (FMC) of vegetation is crucial for managing and mitigating the impact of wildland fires. The combination of in situ FMC observations with numerical weather prediction (NWP) models and satellite…
Spacecraft entering Mars require precise navigation algorithms capable of accurately estimating the vehicle's position and velocity in dynamic and uncertain atmospheric environments. Discrepancies between the true Martian atmospheric…
Total solar irradiance and UV spectral solar irradiance have been monitored since 1978 through a succession of space missions. This is accompanied by the development of models aimed at replicating solar irradiance by relating the…
Due to computational constraints, running global climate models (GCMs) for many years requires a lower spatial grid resolution (${\gtrsim}50$ km) than is optimal for accurately resolving important physical processes. Such processes are…
Land surface temperature (LST) is vital for land-atmosphere interactions and climate processes. Accurate LST retrieval remains challenging under heterogeneous land cover and extreme atmospheric conditions. Traditional split window (SW)…
In 2019 the NICER collaboration published the first mass and radius inferred for PSR J0030+0451, thanks to NICER observations, and consequent constraints on the equation of state characterising dense matter. Two independent analyses found a…