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In streaming media services, video transcoding is a common practice to alleviate bandwidth demands. Unfortunately, traditional methods employing a uniform rate factor (RF) across all videos often result in significant inefficiencies.…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Shibo Yin , Zhiyu Zhang , Peirong Ning , Qiubo Chen , Jing Chen , Quan Zhou , Li Song

The demand for high-quality, real-time video streaming has grown exponentially, with 4K Ultra High Definition (UHD) becoming the new standard for many applications such as live broadcasting, TV services, and interactive cloud gaming. This…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Kasidis Arunruangsirilert , Jiro Katto

In HTTP adaptive live streaming applications, video segments are encoded at a fixed set of bitrate-resolution pairs known as bitrate ladder. Live encoders use the fastest available encoding configuration, referred to as preset, to ensure…

We introduce a novel feature set, which we call HDRMAX features, that when included into Video Quality Assessment (VQA) algorithms designed for Standard Dynamic Range (SDR) videos, sensitizes them to distortions of High Dynamic Range (HDR)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-27 Joshua P. Ebenezer , Zaixi Shang , Yongjun Wu , Hai Wei , Sriram Sethuraman , Alan C. Bovik

Neural video compression (NVC) is a rapidly evolving video coding research area, with some models achieving superior coding efficiency compared to the latest video coding standard Versatile Video Coding (VVC). In conventional video coding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yeongwoong Kim , Suyong Bahk , Seungeon Kim , Won Hee Lee , Dokwan Oh , Hui Yong Kim

Most sRGB-based LLIE methods suffer from entangled luminance and color, while the HSV color space offers insufficient decoupling at the cost of introducing significant red and black noise artifacts. Recently, the HVI color space has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Zhixin Cheng , Fangwen Zhang , Xiaotian Yin , Baoqun Yin , Haodian Wang

Ultra-High Definition (UHD) image restoration faces a trade-off between computational efficiency and high-frequency detail retention. While Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) improve efficiency via latent-space processing, their Gaussian…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yidi Liu , Xueyang Fu , Jie Huang , Jie Xiao , Dong Li , Wenlong Zhang , Lei Bai , Zheng-Jun Zha

Recent work has shown that Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) can be used to upper-bound the information rate-distortion (R-D) function of images, i.e., the fundamental limit of lossy image compression. In this paper, we report an improved…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-07 Zhihao Duan , Jack Ma , Jiangpeng He , Fengqing Zhu

In live streaming applications, a fixed set of bitrate-resolution pairs (known as bitrate ladder) is generally used to avoid additional pre-processing run-time to analyze the complexity of every video content and determine the optimized…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Vignesh V Menon , Hadi Amirpour , Prajit T Rajendran , Mohammad Ghanbari , Christian Timmerer

Client-side video players employ adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms to optimize user quality of experience (QoE). We evaluate recently proposed RL-based ABR methods in Facebook's web-based video streaming platform. Real-world ABR contains…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Hongzi Mao , Shannon Chen , Drew Dimmery , Shaun Singh , Drew Blaisdell , Yuandong Tian , Mohammad Alizadeh , Eytan Bakshy

Real-time streaming communication requires a high quality of service despite contending with packet loss. Streaming codes are a class of codes best suited for this setting. A key challenge for streaming codes is that they operate in an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Michael Rudow , K. V. Rashmi

Standardized lossy video coding is at the core of almost all real-world video processing pipelines. Rate control is used to enable standard codecs to adapt to different network bandwidth conditions or storage constraints. However, standard…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Christoph Reich , Biplob Debnath , Deep Patel , Tim Prangemeier , Daniel Cremers , Srimat Chakradhar

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has been crucial to the recent success of Large Language Models (LLMs), however, it is often a complex and brittle process. In the classical RLHF framework, a reward model is first trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Rafael Rafailov , Yaswanth Chittepu , Ryan Park , Harshit Sikchi , Joey Hejna , Bradley Knox , Chelsea Finn , Scott Niekum

In media industry, the demand of SDR-to-HDRTV up-conversion arises when users possess HDR-WCG (high dynamic range-wide color gamut) TVs while most off-the-shelf footage is still in SDR (standard dynamic range). The research community has…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Cheng Guo , Leidong Fan , Ziyu Xue , and Xiuhua Jiang

The adoption of video conferencing and video communication services, accelerated by COVID-19, has driven a rapid increase in video data traffic. The demand for higher resolutions and quality, the need for immersive video formats, and the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Angeliki Katsenou , Jongwewi Mao , Ioannis Mavromatis

We introduce a practical real-time neural video codec (NVC) designed to deliver high compression ratio, low latency and broad versatility. In practice, the coding speed of NVCs depends on 1) computational costs, and 2) non-computational…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-19 Zhaoyang Jia , Bin Li , Jiahao Li , Wenxuan Xie , Linfeng Qi , Houqiang Li , Yan Lu

The main focus of this document is to evaluate the performance of the existing LDR and HDR metrics on HDR video content which in turn will allow for a better understanding of how well each of these metrics work and if they can be applied in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-03-16 Amin Banitalebi-Dehkordi , Maryam Azimi , Yuanyuan Dong , Mahsa T. Pourazad , Panos Nasiopoulos

Due to differences in frame structure, existing multi-rate video encoding algorithms cannot be directly adapted to encoders utilizing special reference frames such as AV1 without introducing substantial rate-distortion loss. To tackle this…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Bichuan Guo , Xinyao Chen , Jiawen Gu , Yuxing Han , Jiangtao Wen

The quality of the video stream is key to neural network-based video analytics. However, low-quality video is inevitably collected by existing surveillance systems because of poor quality cameras or over-compressed/pruned video streaming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Tingting Yuan , Liang Mi , Weijun Wang , Haipeng Dai , Xiaoming Fu

The rapid development of multimedia and communication technology has resulted in an urgent need for high-quality video streaming. However, robust video streaming under fluctuating network conditions and heterogeneous client computing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-21 Junyan Yang , Yang Jiang , Shuoyao Wang