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As an optical machine learning framework, Diffractive Deep Neural Networks (D2NN) take advantage of data-driven training methods used in deep learning to devise light-matter interaction in 3D for performing a desired statistical inference…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-08 Deniz Mengu , Yifan Zhao , Nezih T. Yardimci , Yair Rivenson , Mona Jarrahi , Aydogan Ozcan

Classification of an object behind a random and unknown scattering medium sets a challenging task for computational imaging and machine vision fields. Recent deep learning-based approaches demonstrated the classification of objects using…

Optics · Physics 2023-03-10 Yi Luo , Bijie Bai , Yuhang Li , Ege Cetintas , Aydogan Ozcan

Flexible control light field across multiple parameters is the cornerstone of versatile and miniaturized optical devices. Metasurfaces, comprising subwavelength scatterers, offer a potent platform for executing such precise manipulations.…

A cascaded phase-only mask architecture (or an optical diffractive neural network) can be employed for different optical information processing tasks such as pattern recognition, orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode conversion, image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Yang Gao , Shuming Jiao , Juncheng Fang , Ting Lei , Zhenwei Xie , Xiaocong Yuan

As artificial intelligence becomes increasingly prevalent, the demand for faster and more energy-efficient computing approaches grows. While optical computing offers intrinsic advantages in bandwidth and power consumption, existing…

Diffractive deep neural networks have been introduced earlier as an optical machine learning framework that uses task-specific diffractive surfaces designed by deep learning to all-optically perform inference, achieving promising…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Jingxi Li , Deniz Mengu , Yi Luo , Yair Rivenson , Aydogan Ozcan

Diffractive neural networks leverage the high-dimensional characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) fields for high-throughput computing. However, the existing architectures face challenges in integrating large-scale multidimensional…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-09 Songtao Yang , Sheng Gao , Chu Wu , Zejia Zhao , Haiou Zhang , Xing Lin

We proposed a broad-spectrum diffractive deep neural network (BS-D2NN) framework, which incorporates multi-wavelength channels of input lightfields and performs a parallel phase-only modulation utilizing a layered passive mask architecture.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Jiashuo Shi , Yingshi Chen , Xinyu Zhang

Waveguide design is crucial in developing efficient light delivery systems, requiring meticulous material selection, precise manufacturing, and rigorous performance optimization, including dispersion engineering. Here, we introduce…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-10 Yuntian Wang , Yuhang Li , Tianyi Gan , Kun Liao , Mona Jarrahi , Aydogan Ozcan

A unidirectional imager would only permit image formation along one direction, from an input field-of-view (FOV) A to an output FOV B, and in the reverse path, the image formation would be blocked. Here, we report the first demonstration of…

The escalating energy demands and parallel-processing bottlenecks of electronic neural networks underscore the need for alternative computing paradigms. Optical neural networks, capitalizing on the inherent parallelism and speed of light…

A plethora of research advances have emerged in the fields of optics and photonics that benefit from harnessing the power of machine learning. Specifically, there has been a revival of interest in optical computing hardware, due to its…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Md Sadman Sakib Rahman , Jingxi Li , Deniz Mengu , Yair Rivenson , Aydogan Ozcan

Realization of deep learning with coherent diffraction has achieved remarkable development nowadays, which benefits on the fact that matrix multiplication can be optically executed in parallel as well as with little power consumption.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Yong-Liang Xiao

Transferring optical information through random diffusers is a critical yet challenging task. In this work, we introduce a cascaded diffractive optical network for information transfer through random and unknown diffusers, achieved through…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-10 Yuhang Li , Yiyang Wu , Shiqi Chen , Xilin Yang , Aydogan Ozcan

Optical neural networks (ONNs), or optical neuromorphic hardware accelerators, have the potential to dramatically enhance the computing power and energy efficiency of mainstream electronic processors, due to their ultralarge bandwidths of…

Lin et al. (Reports, 7 September 2018, p. 1004) reported a remarkable proposal that employs a passive, strictly linear optical setup to perform pattern classifications. But interpreting the multilayer diffractive setup as a deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Haiqing Wei , Gang Huang , Xiuqing Wei , Yanlong Sun , Hongbin Wang

Differentiable optics, as an emerging paradigm that jointly optimizes optics and (optional) image processing algorithms, has made innovative optical designs possible across a broad range of applications. Many of these systems utilize…

The development of deep neural networks is witnessing fast growth in network size, which requires novel hardware computing platforms with large bandwidth and low energy consumption. Optical computing has been a potential candidate for…

Arbitrary manipulation of light across multiple physical dimensions is essential for harnessing its parallelism in fundamental research and advanced applications, such as optical interconnects, computing, imaging, sensing, and quantum…

Diffractive optical networks provide rich opportunities for visual computing tasks since the spatial information of a scene can be directly accessed by a diffractive processor without requiring any digital pre-processing steps. Here we…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-28 Bijie Bai , Heming Wei , Xilin Yang , Deniz Mengu , Aydogan Ozcan