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The time-dependent matrix-product-state (TDMPS) simulation method has been used for numerically simulating quantum computing for a decade. We introduce our C++ library ZKCM_QC developed for multiprecision TDMPS simulations of quantum…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-08-15 Akira SaiToh

Efficient encoding of classical information plays a fundamental role in numerous practical quantum algorithms. However, the preparation of an arbitrary amplitude-encoded state has been proven to be time-consuming, and its deployment on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Chao Wang , Pengrui Zhou , Xi-Ning Zhuang , Ziwei Cui , Menghan Dou , Zhao-Yun Chen , Guo-Ping Guo

As in the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method, approximating many-body wave function of electrons using a matrix product state (MPS) is a promising way to solve electronic structure problems. The expressibility of an MPS is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Yi Fan , Jie Liu , Zhenyu Li , Jinlong Yang

Designing quantum processors is a complex task that demands advanced verification methods to ensure their correct functionality. However, traditional methods of comprehensively verifying quantum devices, such as quantum process tomography,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Keren Li , Peng Yan , Hanru Jiang , Nengkun Yu

The exploration of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms and programming models on noisy near-term quantum hardware has begun. As hybrid programs scale towards classical intractability, validation and benchmarking are critical to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-06 Alexander McCaskey , Eugene Dumitrescu , Mengsu Chen , Dmitry Lyakh , Travis S. Humble

We introduce AQCtensor, a novel algorithm to produce short-depth quantum circuits from Matrix Product States (MPS). Our approach is specifically tailored to the preparation of quantum states generated from the time evolution of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Niall F. Robertson , Albert Akhriev , Jiri Vala , Sergiy Zhuk

In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, the number of controllable hardware qubits is insufficient to implement quantum error correction (QEC). As an alternative, quantum error mitigation (QEM) can suppress errors in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-02 Yuchen Guo , Shuo Yang

Effective quantum computation relies upon making good use of the exponential information capacity of a quantum machine. A large barrier to designing quantum algorithms for execution on real quantum machines is that, in general, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-12 Adam Holmes , A. Y. Matsuura

The matrix product state (MPS) belongs to the most important mathematical models in, for example, condensed matter physics and quantum information sciences. However, to realize an $N$-qubit MPS with large $N$ and large entanglement on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-11 Shi-Ju Ran

The detrimental effect of noise accumulates as quantum computers grow in size. In the case where devices are too small or noisy to perform error correction, error mitigation may be used. Error mitigation does not increase the fidelity of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Cristina Cirstoiu , Silas Dilkes , Daniel Mills , Seyon Sivarajah , Ross Duncan

Quantum simulation of many-body systems in materials science and chemistry are promising application areas for quantum computers. However, the limited scale and coherence of near-term quantum processors pose a significant obstacle to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-22 Yuxuan Zhang , Shahin Jahanbani , Ameya Riswadkar , S. Shankar , Andrew C. Potter

Conventional vector-based simulators for quantum computers are quite limited in the size of the quantum circuits they can handle, due to the worst-case exponential growth of even sparse representations of the full quantum state vector as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-09 Michael P. Frank , Liviu Oniciuc , Uwe Meyer-Baese , Irinel Chiorescu

The amplitude encoding of an arbitrary $n$-qubit state vector requires $\Omega(2^n)$ gate operations, owing to the exponential dimension of the Hilbert space. We can, however, form dimensionality-reduced representations of quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Josh Green , Jingbo B Wang

Quantum Process Tomography (QPT) is a powerful tool to characterize quantum operations, but it requires considerable resources making it impractical for more than 2-qubit systems. This work proposes an alternative approach that requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Vicente Leyton-Ortega , Tyler Kharazi , Raphael C. Pooser

Using the tensor product representation in the density matrix renormalization group, we show that a quantum circuit of Grover's algorithm, which has one-qubit unitary gates, generalized Toffoli gates, and projective measurements, can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Kawaguchi , K. Shimizu , Y. Tokura , N. Imoto

It is exponentially hard to simulate quantum systems by classical algorithms, while quantum computer could in principle solve this problem polynomially. We demonstrate such an quantum-simulation algorithm on our NMR system to simulate an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-07-22 Jiangfeng Du , Nanyang Xu , Xinhua Peng , Pengfei Wang , Sanfeng Wu , Dawei Lu

We detail techniques to optimise high-level classical simulations of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm. Chief among these is to examine the entangling properties of the circuit and to effectively map it across the one-dimensional structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-28 Aidan Dang , Charles D. Hill , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the gold standard technique for obtaining an estimate for the state of small quantum systems in the laboratory. Its application to systems with more than a few constituents (e.g. particles) soon becomes…

Quantum algorithm design usually assumes access to a perfect quantum computer with ideal properties like full connectivity, noise-freedom and arbitrarily long coherence time. In Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, however, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-11 Xiangzhen Zhou , Sanjiang Li , Yuan Feng

Simulating quantum circuits with classical computers requires resources growing exponentially in terms of system size. Real quantum computer with noise, however, may be simulated polynomially with various methods considering different noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Song Cheng , Chenfeng Cao , Chao Zhang , Yongxiang Liu , Shi-Yao Hou , Pengxiang Xu , Bei Zeng