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Noise on quantum devices is much more complex than it is commonly given credit. Far from usual models of decoherence, nearly all quantum devices are plagued both by a continuum of environments and temporal instabilities. These induce noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Gregory A. L. White , Petar Jurcevic , Charles D. Hill , Kavan Modi

Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections in quantum devices is one of the main challenges for viable quantum applications. In this article, we present different protocols, which we denote as "superposed quantum error mitigation",…

Quantum systems, in general, output data that cannot be simulated efficiently by a classical computer, and hence is useful for solving certain mathematical problems and simulating quantum many-body systems. This also implies, unfortunately,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 Keisuke Fujii , Masahito Hayashi

The quantum computing devices of today have tens to hundreds of qubits that are highly susceptible to noise due to unwanted interactions with their environment. The theory of quantum error correction provides a scheme by which the effects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-02 Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam

We consider the possibility of adding noise to a quantum circuit to make it efficiently simulatable classically. In previous works this approach has been used to derive upper bounds to fault tolerance thresholds - usually by identifying a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-12 M. B. Plenio , S. Virmani

Variational quantum circuits (VQCs) solving partial differential equations (PDEs) on near-term quantum hardware face a critical challenge: hardware noise degrades solution fidelity and disrupts convergence. We present a systematic study of…

The Heisenberg limit provides a quadratic improvement over the standard quantum limit, and is the maximum quantum advantage that quantum sensors could provide over classical methods. This limit remains elusive, however, because of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Yingkai Ouyang , Gavin K. Brennen

Simulating correlated materials on present-day quantum hardware remains challenging due to limited quantum resources. Quantum embedding methods offer a promising route by reducing computational complexity through the mapping of bulk systems…

Quantum computers are anticipated to transcend classical supercomputers for computationally intensive tasks by exploiting the principles of quantum mechanics. However, the capabilities of the current generation of quantum devices are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-17 Shaobo Zhang , Charles D. Hill , Muhammad Usman

A standard approach to quantum computing is based on the idea of promoting a classically simulable and fault-tolerant set of operations to a universal set by the addition of `magic' quantum states. In this context, we develop a general…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-12 Matteo Lostaglio , Alessandro Ciani

Noise and errors are inevitable parts of any practical implementation of a quantum computer. As a result, large-scale quantum computation will require ways to detect and correct errors on quantum information. Here, we present such a quantum…

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is a class of promising techniques capable of reducing the computational error of variational quantum algorithms tailored for current noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers. The recently proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Yifeng Xiong , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

With gate error rates in multiple technologies now below the threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, the major remaining obstacle to useful quantum computation is scaling, a challenge greatly amplified by the huge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Kianna Wan , Soonwon Choi , Isaac H. Kim , Noah Shutty , Patrick Hayden

Fighting against noise is crucial for NISQ devices to demonstrate practical quantum applications. In this work, we give a new paradigm of quantum error mitigation based on the vectorization of density matrices. Different from the ideas of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-22 Zhong-Xia Shang , Zi-Han Chen , Cai-Sheng Cheng

We derive ultimate precision bounds for estimating parameters encoded in \emph{time-dependent} Hamiltonians in the presence of general Markovian noise, allowing for arbitrary adaptive protocols with fast controls and noiseless ancillas.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Luca Previdi , Francesco Albarelli

We introduce an error mitigation framework that mitigates errors in a quantum circuit using circuit cutting. Our framework can be implemented in polynomial time for a wide variety of quantum circuits. Our technique involves cutting the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-15 Ji Liu , Alvin Gonzales , Zain H. Saleem

In this paper, we derive optimized measurement-free protocols for quantum error correction and the implementation of a universal gate set optimized for an error model that is noise biased . The noise bias is adapted for neutral atom…

Finding solid and practical quantum advantages via noisy quantum devices without error correction is a critical but challenging problem. Conversely, comprehending the fundamental limitations of the state-of-the-art is equally crucial. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Yuxuan Yan , Zhenyu Du , Junjie Chen , Xiongfeng Ma

Quantum volume is a single-number metric which, loosely speaking, reports the number of usable qubits on a quantum computer. While improvements to the underlying hardware are a direct means of increasing quantum volume, the metric is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-19 Ryan LaRose , Andrea Mari , Vincent Russo , Dan Strano , William J. Zeng

Variational quantum computing offers a powerful framework with applications across diverse fields such as quantum chemistry, machine learning, and optimization. However, its scalability is hindered by the exponential concentration of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-05 Giulio Crognaletti , Michele Grossi , Angelo Bassi