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This paper focuses on implanting multiple heterogeneous backdoor triggers in bridge-based diffusion models designed for complex and arbitrary input distributions. Existing backdoor formulations mainly address single-attack scenarios and are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Shixi Qin , Zhiyong Yang , Shilong Bao , Shi Wang , Qianqian Xu , Qingming Huang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are recently shown to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where attackers embed hidden backdoors in the DNN model by injecting a few poisoned examples into the training dataset. While extensive efforts have been…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Zaixi Zhang , Qi Liu , Zhicai Wang , Zepu Lu , Qingyong Hu

Backdoor attacks represent a subtle yet effective class of cyberattacks targeting AI models, primarily due to their stealthy nature. The model behaves normally on clean data but exhibits malicious behavior only when the attacker embeds a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Sujeevan Aseervatham , Achraf Kerzazi , Younès Bennani

A recent trojan attack on deep neural network (DNN) models is one insidious variant of data poisoning attacks. Trojan attacks exploit an effective backdoor created in a DNN model by leveraging the difficulty in interpretability of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Yansong Gao , Chang Xu , Derui Wang , Shiping Chen , Damith C. Ranasinghe , Surya Nepal

This paper proposes a new defense against neural network backdooring attacks that are maliciously trained to mispredict in the presence of attacker-chosen triggers. Our defense is based on the intuition that the feature extraction layers of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Hao Fu , Akshaj Kumar Veldanda , Prashanth Krishnamurthy , Siddharth Garg , Farshad Khorrami

Backdoor attack has emerged as a novel and concerning threat to AI security. These attacks involve the training of Deep Neural Network (DNN) on datasets that contain hidden trigger patterns. Although the poisoned model behaves normally on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Huasong Zhou , Xiaowei Xu , Xiaodong Wang , Leon Bevan Bullock

Recent advances in Machine Learning (ML) have opened up new avenues for its extensive use in real-world applications. Facial recognition, specifically, is used from simple friend suggestions in social-media platforms to critical security…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Esha Sarkar , Hadjer Benkraouda , Michail Maniatakos

Self-supervised and multimodal vision encoders learn strong visual representations that are widely adopted in downstream vision tasks and large vision-language models (LVLMs). However, downstream users often rely on third-party pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Siquan Huang , Yijiang Li , Ningzhi Gao , Xingfu Yan , Leyu Shi , Ying Gao

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where adversaries can maliciously trigger model misclassifications by implanting a hidden backdoor during model training. This paper proposes a simple yet effective input-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Linshan Hou , Ruili Feng , Zhongyun Hua , Wei Luo , Leo Yu Zhang , Yiming Li

Deep neural networks have been widely used in many critical applications, such as autonomous vehicles and medical diagnosis. However, their security is threatened by backdoor attacks, which are achieved by adding artificial patterns to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Dong Huang , Qingwen Bu

Recently, the diffusion model has gained significant attention as one of the most successful image generation models, which can generate high-quality images by iteratively sampling noise. However, recent studies have shown that diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Jiahao Chen , Yu Pan , Yi Du , Chunkai Wu , Lin Wang

Security of modern Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is under severe scrutiny as the deployment of these models become widespread in many intelligence-based applications. Most recently, DNNs are attacked through Trojan which can effectively…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Adnan Siraj Rakin , Zhezhi He , Deliang Fan

Web-scraped datasets are vulnerable to data poisoning, which can be used for backdooring deep image classifiers during training. Since training on large datasets is expensive, a model is trained once and re-used many times. Unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Benjamin Schneider , Nils Lukas , Florian Kerschbaum

Numerous recent studies have demonstrated how Deep Neural Network (DNN) classifiers can be fooled by adversarial examples, in which an attacker adds perturbations to an original sample, causing the classifier to misclassify the sample.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Yigit Alparslan , Ken Alparslan , Jeremy Keim-Shenk , Shweta Khade , Rachel Greenstadt

To gather a significant quantity of annotated training data for high-performance image classification models, numerous companies opt to enlist third-party providers to label their unlabeled data. This practice is widely regarded as secure,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Dazhong Rong , Guoyao Yu , Shuheng Shen , Xinyi Fu , Peng Qian , Jianhai Chen , Qinming He , Xing Fu , Weiqiang Wang

The vulnerability of deep neural networks (DNNs) to adversarial examples has attracted more attention. Many algorithms have been proposed to craft powerful adversarial examples. However, most of these algorithms modified the global or local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Yaguan Qian , Jiamin Wang , Bin Wang , Shaoning Zeng , Zhaoquan Gu , Shouling Ji , Wassim Swaileh

Under a commonly-studied backdoor poisoning attack against classification models, an attacker adds a small trigger to a subset of the training data, such that the presence of this trigger at test time causes the classifier to always predict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Mingjie Sun , Siddhant Agarwal , J. Zico Kolter

The backdoor attack, where the adversary uses inputs stamped with triggers (e.g., a patch) to activate pre-planted malicious behaviors, is a severe threat to Deep Neural Network (DNN) models. Trigger inversion is an effective way of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Zhenting Wang , Kai Mei , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma

With the widespread use of deep learning system in many applications, the adversary has strong incentive to explore vulnerabilities of deep neural networks and manipulate them. Backdoor attacks against deep neural networks have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Jiazhu Dai , Chuanshuai Chen

Transforming off-the-shelf deep neural network (DNN) models into dynamic multi-exit architectures can achieve inference and transmission efficiency by fragmenting and distributing a large DNN model in edge computing scenarios (e.g., edge…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Tian Dong , Ziyuan Zhang , Han Qiu , Tianwei Zhang , Hewu Li , Terry Wang