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Related papers: Testing Quantum Programs with Multiple Subroutines

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Quantum machine learning integrates the strengths of quantum computing and machine learning, enabling models to learn complex features using fewer parameters than their classical counterparts. Due to the increasing complexity of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Emma Andrews , Prabhat Mishra

Quantum computers are becoming more mainstream. As more programmers are starting to look at writing quantum programs, they face an inevitable task of debugging their code. How should the programs for quantum computers be debugged? In this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Andriy Miranskyy , Lei Zhang , Javad Doliskani

Testing is one of the most indispensable tasks in software engineering. The role of testing in software development has grown significantly because testing is able to reveal defects in the code in an early stage of development. Many unit…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2010-12-07 Norbert Pataki

As quantum programming evolves, more and more quantum programming languages are being developed. As a result, debugging and testing quantum programs have become increasingly important. While bug fixing in classical programs has come a long…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-24 Junjie Luo , Pengzhan Zhao , Zhongtao Miao , Shuhan Lan , Jianjun Zhao

Quantum computing promises polynomial and exponential speedups in many domains, such as unstructured search and prime number factoring. However, quantum programs yield probabilistic outputs from exponentially growing distributions and are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Noah H. Oldfield , Christoph Laaber , Tao Yue , Shaukat Ali

Over the past 27 years, quantum computing has seen a huge rise in interest from both academia and industry. At the current rate, quantum computers are growing in size rapidly backed up by the increase of research in the field. Significant…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Marco Lewis , Sadegh Soudjani , Paolo Zuliani

Modern programming relies on our ability to treat preprogrammed functions as black boxes - we can invoke them as subroutines without knowing their physical implementation. Here we show it is generally impossible to execute an unknown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-11 Jayne Thompson , Mile Gu , Kavan Modi , Vlatko Vedral

The ability to incorporate quantum phenomena in computing unlocks a host of new ways to make mistakes. This work surveys existing studies and approaches to debugging quantum programs. It then presents a set of examples that stem from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 Olivia Di Matteo

As quantum algorithms and hardware continue to evolve, ensuring the correctness of the quantum software stack (QSS) has become increasingly important. However, testing QSSes remains challenging due to the oracle problem, i.e., the lack of a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Junjie Luo , Shangzhou Xia , Fuyuan Zhang , Jianjun Zhao

The increasing complexity of quantum software presents significant challenges for software verification and validation, particularly in the context of unit testing. This work presents a comprehensive study on quantum-centric unit tests,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Andriy Miranskyy , José Campos , Anila Mjeda , Lei Zhang , Ignacio García Rodríguez de Guzmán

Quantum programs are often shared as OpenQASM 3 circuits, but tests are still written in host languages such as Python with Qiskit. We present QUTest, a native framework in which both programs and tests are standard .qasm files. Tests…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 José Campos

This paper presents the first concolic testing framework explicitly designed for quantum programs. The framework introduces quantum constraint generation methods for quantum control statements that quantify quantum states and offers a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shangzhou Xia , Jianjun Zhao , Fuyuan Zhang , Xiaoyu Guo

Despite the increasing interest in quantum computing, the aspect of development to achieve cost-effective and reliable quantum software applications has been slow. One barrier is the software engineering of quantum programs, which can be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Majid Haghparast , Tommi Mikkonen , Jukka K. Nurminen , Vlad Stirbu

With the growing synergy between deep learning and quantum computing, Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) have emerged as a promising paradigm by leveraging quantum parallelism and entanglement. However, testing QNNs remains underexplored due to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Minqi Shao , Shangzhou Xia , Jianjun Zhao

Quantum software testing introduces new challenges that differ fundamentally from those in classical software engineering. Aims: This study investigates how the quantum software industry defines testing roles and what skills are expected…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ronnie de Souza Santos , Maria Teresa Baldassarre , Cesar França

The continuous growth of quantum computing and the increasingly complex quantum programs resulting from it lead to unprecedented obstacles in ensuring program correctness. Runtime assertions are, therefore, becoming a crucial tool in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-08 Damian Rovara , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

In quantum software engineering (QSE), quantum software testing (QST) has attracted increasing attention as quantum software systems grow in scale and complexity. Since QST evaluates quantum programs through execution under designed test…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Yuechen Li , Minqi Shao , Jianjun Zhao , Qichen Wang

One of the key steps in quantum algorithms is to prepare an initial quantum superposition state with different kinds of features. These so-called state preparation algorithms are essential to the behavior of quantum algorithms, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Liyi Li , Anshu Sharma , Zoukarneini Difaizi Tagba , Sean Frett , Alex Potanin

Quantum computing has existed in the theoretical realm for several decades. Recently, quantum computing has re-emerged as a promising technology to solve problems that a classical computer could take hundreds of years to solve. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Neilson Carlos Leite Ramalho , Higor Amario de Souza , Marcos Lordello Chaim

As quantum computing continues to emerge, ensuring the quality of quantum programs has become increasingly critical. Quantum program testing has emerged as a prominent research area within the scope of quantum software engineering. While…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jiaming Ye , Xiongfei Wu , Shangzhou Xia , Fuyuan Zhang , Jianjun Zhao