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Since distribution shifts are likely to occur during test-time and can drastically decrease the model's performance, online test-time adaptation (TTA) continues to update the model after deployment, leveraging the current test data.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Robert A. Marsden , Mario Döbler , Bin Yang

Contrastive learning has shown great promise in the field of graph representation learning. By manually constructing positive/negative samples, most graph contrastive learning methods rely on the vector inner product based similarity metric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Yuehui Han , Le Hui , Haobo Jiang , Jianjun Qian , Jin Xie

Test-time adaptation (TTA) updates the model weights during the inference stage using testing data to enhance generalization. However, this practice exposes TTA to adversarial risks. Existing studies have shown that when TTA is updated with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yongyi Su , Yushu Li , Nanqing Liu , Kui Jia , Xulei Yang , Chuan-Sheng Foo , Xun Xu

Test-time adaptation (TTA) intends to adapt the pretrained model to test distributions with only unlabeled test data streams. Most of the previous TTA methods have achieved great success on simple test data streams such as independently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Longhui Yuan , Binhui Xie , Shuang Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved impressive performance when testing and training graph data come from identical distribution. However, existing GNNs lack out-of-distribution generalization abilities so that their performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Haoyang Li , Xin Wang , Ziwei Zhang , Wenwu Zhu

We consider the problem of improving the human instance segmentation mask quality for a given test image using keypoints estimation. We compare two alternative approaches. The first approach is a test-time adaptation (TTA) method, where we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Kambiz Azarian , Debasmit Das , Hyojin Park , Fatih Porikli

We revisit Approximate Graph Propagation (AGP), a unified framework which captures various graph propagation tasks, such as PageRank, feature propagation in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), and graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG).…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zhuowei Zhao , Zhuo Zhang , Hanzhi Wang , Junhao Gan , Zhifeng Bao , Jianzhong Qi

Important advances have been made using convolutional neural network (CNN) approaches to solve complicated problems in areas that rely on grid structured data such as image processing and object classification. Recently, research on graph…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-24 Matthew Baron

Graph contrastive learning (GCL) alleviates the heavy reliance on label information for graph representation learning (GRL) via self-supervised learning schemes. The core idea is to learn by maximising mutual information for similar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Yizhen Zheng , Shirui Pan , Vincent Cs Lee , Yu Zheng , Philip S. Yu

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) aims to enable models to adapt online to unlabeled data streams under distribution shift without accessing source data. Existing CTTA methods face an efficiency-generalization trade-off: updating more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Guannan Lai , Da-Wei Zhou , Zhenguo Li , Han-Jia Ye

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are widely used for node classification tasks but often fail to generalize when training and test nodes come from different distributions, limiting their practicality. To overcome this, recent approaches adopt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Weihuang Zheng , Jiashuo Liu , Jiaxing Li , Jiayun Wu , Peng Cui , Youyong Kong

Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs), have demonstrated excellent capabilities in processing heterogeneous information networks. Self-supervised learning on heterogeneous graphs, especially contrastive self-supervised strategy, shows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yanbei Liu , Chongxu Wang , Zhitao Xiao , Lei Geng , Yanwei Pang , Xiao Wang

Graph Domain Adaptation (GDA) transfers knowledge from labeled source graphs to unlabeled target graphs but is challenged by complex, multi-faceted distributional shifts. Existing methods attempt to reduce distributional shifts by aligning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Wei Chen , Xingyu Guo , Shuang Li , Zhao Zhang , Yan Zhong , Fuzhen Zhuang , Deqing wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as the most powerful weapon for various graph tasks due to the message-passing mechanism's great local information aggregation ability. However, over-smoothing has always hindered GNNs from going…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yundong Sun , Dongjie Zhu , Yansong Wang , Zhaoshuo Tian

Recent studies have shown that graph neural networks (GNNs) exhibit strong biases towards the node degree: they usually perform satisfactorily on high-degree nodes with rich neighbor information but struggle with low-degree nodes. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Mingxuan Ju , Tong Zhao , Wenhao Yu , Neil Shah , Yanfang Ye

Accurate cell type annotation is a crucial step in analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, which provides valuable insights into cellular heterogeneity. However, due to the high dimensionality and prevalence of zero elements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Huifa Li , Jie Fu , Xinlin Zhuang , Haolin Yang , Xinpeng Ling , Tong Cheng , Haochen xue , Imran Razzak , Zhili Chen

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been successfully exploited in graph analysis tasks in many real-world applications. The competition between attack and defense methods also enhances the robustness of GNNs. In this competition, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Jinyin Chen , Dunjie Zhang , Zhaoyan Ming , Kejie Huang , Wenrong Jiang , Chen Cui

Among the most insidious attacks on Reinforcement Learning (RL) solutions are training-time attacks (TTAs) that create loopholes and backdoors in the learned behaviour. Not limited to a simple disruption, constructive TTAs (C-TTAs) are now…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Ridhima Bector , Abhay Aradhya , Chai Quek , Zinovi Rabinovich

Deep learning models often struggle under natural distribution shifts, a common challenge in real-world deployments. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adapting models during inference without labeled source data. We present the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 John Turnbull , Shivam Grover , Amin Jalali , Ali Etemad

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have received extensive research attention due to their powerful information aggregation capabilities. Despite the success of GNNs, most of them suffer from the popularity bias issue in a graph caused by a small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Yuntao Shou , Haozhi Lan , Xiangyong Cao