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Graphical User Interface (GUI) has become one of the most significant parts of mobile applications (apps). It is a direct bridge between mobile apps and end users, which directly affects the end user's experience. Neglecting GUI quality can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shengcheng Yu , Chunrong Fang , Ziyuan Tuo , Quanjun Zhang , Chunyang Chen , Zhenyu Chen , Zhendong Su

Automated GUI testing of web applications has always been considered a challenging task considering their large state space and complex interaction logic. Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a recent extension of Reinforcement Learning…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Zhiyu Gu , Chenxu Liu , Guoquan Wu , Yifei Zhang , ChenXi Yang , Zheheng Liang , Wei Chen , Jun Wei

The fragmentation problem has extended from Android to different platforms, such as iOS, mobile web, and even mini-programs within some applications (app). In such a situation, recording and replaying test scripts is a popular automated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Shengcheng Yu , Chunrong Fang , Yexiao Yun , Yang Feng

Penetration testing (pentesting) involves performing a controlled attack on a computer system in order to assess it's security. Although an effective method for testing security, pentesting requires highly skilled practitioners and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Jonathon Schwartz , Hanna Kurniawati

The Graphical User Interface (GUI) is how users interact with mobile apps. To ensure it functions properly, testing engineers have to make sure it functions as intended, based on test requirements that are typically written in natural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Yongxiang Hu , Xuan Wang , Yingchuan Wang , Yu Zhang , Shiyu Guo , Chaoyi Chen , Xin Wang , Yangfan Zhou

Graphical user interface visual grounding (GUI-VG), a core capability for GUI agents, has primarily relied on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), which demands extensive data curation and significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Weitai Kang , Bin Lei , Gaowen Liu , Caiwen Ding , Yan Yan

Modern web services increasingly rely on REST APIs. Effectively testing these APIs is challenging due to the vast search space to be explored, which involves selecting API operations for sequence creation, choosing parameters for each…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Myeongsoo Kim , Saurabh Sinha , Alessandro Orso

Due to the importance of Android app quality assurance, many automated GUI testing tools have been developed. Although the test algorithms have been improved, the impact of GUI rendering has been overlooked. On the one hand, setting a long…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Sidong Feng , Mulong Xie , Chunyang Chen

The increasing scale and complexity of mobile applications make automated GUI exploration essential for software quality assurance. However, existing methods often neglect state dependencies between test fragments, which leads to redundant…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jiahui Song , Jiaxin Zhi , Kangjia Zhao , Chen Zhi , Junxiao Han , Xinkui Zhao , Nan Wang , Shuiguang Deng , Jianwei Yin

Context. Multiple automated techniques have been proposed and developed for mobile application GUI testing aiming to improve effectiveness, efficiency, and practicality. The effectiveness, efficiency, and practicality are 3 fundamental…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Yauhen Leanidavich Arnatovich , Lipo Wang

Human beings, even small children, quickly become adept at figuring out how to use applications on their mobile devices. Learning to use a new app is often achieved via trial-and-error, accelerated by transfer of knowledge from past…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Maayan Shvo , Zhiming Hu , Rodrigo Toro Icarte , Iqbal Mohomed , Allan Jepson , Sheila A. McIlraith

There have been many studies on automated test generation for mobile Graphical User Interface (GUI) applications. These studies successfully demonstrate how to detect fatal exceptions and achieve high code and activity coverage with fully…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Yavuz Koroglu , Alper Sen

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) and reinforcement learning (RL) have driven progress in GUI automation. However, most existing methods rely on static, one-shot visual inputs and passive perception, lacking the ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Chen Chen , Jiawei Shao , Dakuan Lu , Haoyi Hu , Xiangcheng Liu , Hantao Yao , Wu Liu

Automated Graphical User Interface (GUI) testing plays a crucial role in ensuring app quality, especially as mobile applications have become an integral part of our daily lives. Despite the growing popularity of learning-based techniques in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Zhe Liu , Chunyang Chen , Junjie Wang , Mengzhuo Chen , Boyu Wu , Xing Che , Dandan Wang , Qing Wang

With the rapid development of Large Vision Language Models, the focus of Graphical User Interface (GUI) agent tasks shifts from single-screen tasks to complex screen navigation challenges. However, real-world GUI environments, such as PC…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Haolong Yan , Yeqing Shen , Xin Huang , Jia Wang , Kaijun Tan , Zhixuan Liang , Hongxin Li , Zheng Ge , Osamu Yoshie , Si Li , Xiangyu Zhang , Daxin Jiang

The demand for quality in mobile applications has increased greatly given users' high reliance on them for daily tasks. Developers work tirelessly to ensure that their applications are both functional and user-friendly. In pursuit of this,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Safwat Ali Khan

Graphical user interface testing is significantly challenging, and automating it even more so. Test-driven development is impractical: it generally requires an initial implementation of the GUI to generate golden images or to construct…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Donald Beaver

GUI testing is an essential quality assurance process in mobile app development. However, the creation and maintenance of GUI tests for mobile apps are resource-intensive and costly. Recognizing that many apps share similar functionalities,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Xiaolei Li , Jialun Cao , Yepang Liu , Shing-Chi Cheung , Hailong Wang

Training effective Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for GUI agents typically depends on large-scale annotated datasets, whose collection is both labor-intensive and error-prone. We introduce K-step GUI Transition, a self-supervised inverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Longxi Gao , Li Zhang , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Mengwei Xu

To ensure app compatibility and smoothness of user experience across diverse devices and platforms, developers have to perform cross-device, cross-platform testing of their apps, which is laborious. There comes a recently increasing trend…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Mulong Xie , Jiaming Ye , Zhenchang Xing , Lei Ma
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