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Related papers: The Photon Ring in M87*

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Ongoing millimeter VLBI observations with the Event Horizon Telescope allow unprecedented study of the innermost portion of black hole accretion flows. Interpreting the observations requires relativistic, time-dependent physical modeling.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 Jason Dexter , Eric Agol , P. Chris Fragile , Jonathan C. McKinney

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array that comprises millimeter- and submillimeter-wavelength telescopes separated by distances comparable to the diameter of the Earth. At a nominal operating…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-08 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

We propose a simple, analytic dual-cone accretion model for horizon scale images of the cores of Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei (LLAGN), including those observed by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). Our underlying model is of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-27 Dominic O. Chang , Michael D. Johnson , Paul Tiede , Daniel C. M. Palumbo

More than two years ago the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration presented the first image reconstruction around the shadow for the supermassive black hole in M87*. It gives an opportunity to evaluate the shadow size. Recently, the Event…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-08 Alexander F. Zakharov

Very-long baseline interferometric observations have resolved structure on scales of only a few Schwarzschild radii around the supermassive black holes at the centers of our Galaxy and M87. In the near future, such observations are expected…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Tim Johannsen

We explore the degree of magnetization at the jet base of M87 by using the observational data of the event horizon telescope (EHT) at 230~GHz obtained by Doeleman et al. By utilizing the method in Kino et al., we derive the energy densities…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 M. Kino , F. Takahara , K. Hada , K. Akiyama , H. Nagai , B. W. Sohn

Images of black holes encode both astrophysical and gravitational properties. Detecting highly-lensed features in images can differentiate between these two effects. We present an accretion disk emission model coupled to the Adaptive…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-24 Tejahni Desire , Alejandro Cárdenas-Avendaño , Andrew Chael

We review the physical origins for possible visible images of the supermassive black hole M87* in the galaxy M87 and SgrA* in the Milky Way Galaxy. The classical dark black hole shadow of the maximal size is visible in the case of luminous…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-28 V. I. Dokuchaev , N. O. Nazarova

The apparent angular size of the shadow of a black hole in an expanding Universe is redshift-dependent. Since cosmological redshifts change with time - known as the redshift drift - all redshift-dependent quantities acquire a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-16 Emmanuel Frion , Leonardo Giani , Tays Miranda

We investigate the presence and spatial characteristics of the jet base emission in M87* at 230 GHz, enabled by the enhanced uv coverage in the 2021 Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations. The addition of the 12-m Kitt Peak Telescope…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-29 Saurabh , Hendrik Müller , Sebastiano D. von Fellenberg , Paul Tiede , Michael Janssen , Lindy Blackburn , Avery E. Broderick , Erandi Chavez , Boris Georgiev , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Kotaro Moriyama , Dhanya G. Nair , Iniyan Natarajan , Jongho Park , Andrew Thomas West , Maciek Wielgus , Kazunori Akiyama , Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Uwe Bach , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David Ball , Mislav Baloković , Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , John Barrett , Michi Bauböck , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Raymond Blundell , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Michael Bremer , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Sandra Bustamante , Douglas F. Carlos , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Chi-kwan Chan , Dominic O. Chang , Koushik Chatterjee , Shami Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Xiaopeng Cheng , Paul Chichura , Ilje Cho , Pierre Christian , Nicholas S. Conroy , John E. Conway , Thomas M. Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yuzhu Cui , Brandon Curd , Rohan Dahale , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Gregory Desvignes , Jason Dexter , Vedant Dhruv , Indu K. Dihingia , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Sergio A. Dzib , Ralph P. Eatough , Razieh Emami , Heino Falcke , Joseph Farah , Vincent L. Fish , Edward Fomalont , H. Alyson Ford , Marianna Foschi , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , William T. Freeman , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Charles F. Gammie , Roberto García , Olivier Gentaz , Ciriaco Goddi , Roman Gold , Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz , José L. Gómez , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Ronald Hesper , Dirk Heumann , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , C. M. Violette Impellizzeri , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Britton Jeter , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana Jorstad , Adam C. Jones , Abhishek V. Joshi , Taehyun Jung , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Prashant Kocherlakota , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Joana A. Kramer , Michael Kramer , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Noemi La Bella , Deokhyeong Lee , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Shaoliang Li , Zhiyuan Li , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Michael Lindqvist , Mikhail Lisakov , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin J. Lonsdale , Amy E. Lowitz , Ru-Sen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Iván Martí-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Hugo Messias , Izumi Mizuno , Yosuke Mizuno , Joshua Montgomery , James M. Moran , Monika Moscibrodzka , Wanga Mulaudzi , Cornelia Müller , Alejandro Mus , Gibwa Musoke , Ioannis Myserlis , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Masanori Nakamura , Gopal Narayanan , Antonios Nathanail , Santiago Navarro Fuentes , Joey Neilsen , Chunchong Ni , Michael A. Nowak , Junghwan Oh , Hiroki Okino , Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez , Tomoaki Oyama , Feryal Özel , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Georgios Filippos Paraschos , Harriet Parsons , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Piétu , Alexander Plavin , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Ben Prather , Giacomo Principe , Dimitrios Psaltis , Hung-Yi Pu , Alexandra Rahlin , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Luciano Rezzolla , Angelo Ricarte , Luca Ricci , Bart Ripperda , Jan Röder , Freek Roelofs , Cristina Romero-Cañizales , Eduardo Ros , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Ignacio Ruiz , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , León D. S. Salas , Salvador Sánchez , David Sánchez-Argüelles , Miguel Sánchez-Portal , Mahito Sasada , Kaushik Satapathy , Tuomas Savolainen , F. Peter Schloerb , Jonathan Schonfeld , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhiqiang Shen , Sasikumar Silpa , Des Small , Randall Smith , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , Kamal Souccar , Joshua S. Stanway , He Sun , Fumie Tazaki , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , Teresa Toscano , Efthalia Traianou , Tyler Trent , Sascha Trippe , Matthew Turk , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jesse Vos , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jasmin E. Washington , Jonathan Weintroub , Robert Wharton , Kaj Wiik , Gunther Witzel , Michael F. Wondrak , George N. Wong , Jompoj Wongphexhauxsorn , Qingwen Wu , Nitika Yadlapalli , Paul Yamaguchi , Aristomenis Yfantis , Doosoo Yoon , André Young , Ziri Younsi , Wei Yu , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , Ai-Ling Zeng , J. Anton Zensus , Shuo Zhang , Guang-Yao Zhao , Shan-Shan Zhao

The presence of a bright "photon ring" surrounding a dark "black hole shadow" has been discussed as an important feature of the observational appearance of emission originating near a black hole. We clarify the meaning and relevance of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-07-17 Samuel E. Gralla , Daniel E. Holz , Robert M. Wald

Following up on a recent analysis by Psaltis et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 141104 (2020)], we show that the observed shadow size of M87$^*$ can be used to unambiguously and robustly constrain the black hole geometry in the vicinity of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-13 Sebastian H. Völkel , Enrico Barausse , Nicola Franchini , Avery E. Broderick

The black-hole images obtained with the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) are expected to be variable at the dynamical timescale near their horizons. For the black hole at the center of the M87 galaxy, this timescale (5-61 days) is comparable…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-04 Kaushik Satapathy , Dimitrios Psaltis , Feryal Ozel , Lia Medeiros , Sean T. Dougall , Chi-kwan Chan , Maciek Wielgus , Ben S. Prather , George N. Wong , Charles F. Gammie , Kazunori Akiyama , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David R. Ball , Mislav Baloković , John Barrett , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Raymond Blundell , Wilfred Boland , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Hope A. Boyce , Michael Bremer , Christiaan D. Brinkerink , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Avery E. Broderick , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Sandra Bustamente , Do-Young Byun , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Koushik Chatterjee , Shami Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Ilje Cho , Pierre Christian , John E. Conway , James M. Cordes , Thomas Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Alejandro Cruz Osorio , Yuzhu Cui , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jessica T. Dempsey , Gregory Desvignes , Jason Dexter , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Ralph Eatough , Heino Falcke , Joseph R. Farah , Vincent Fish , Edward B. Fomalont , H. Alyson Ford , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Roberto García , Olivier Gentaz , Boris Georgiev , Ciriaco Goddi , Roman Gold , Arturo I. Gomez-Ruiz , Jose L. Gómez , Minfeng Gu , Mark A. Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Michael Hecht , Ronald Hesper , Luis C. Ho , Paul T. Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Britton Jeter , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jimenez Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Taehyun Jung , Mansour Karami , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Michael Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Tod R. Lauer , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Yan-Rong Li , Zhiyuan Li , Michael Lindqvist , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Miss Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin J. Lonsdale , Rusen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Ivan Marti-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn Matthews , Karl M. Menten , Izumi Mizuno , Yosuke Mizuno , James Moran , Kotaro Moriyama , Monika Moscibrodzka , Cornelia Muller , Alejandro M. Mejias , Gibwa Musoke , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Masanori Nakamura , Ramesh Narayan , Gopal Narayanan , Iniyan Natarajan , Antonios Nathanail , Joey Neilsen , Roberto Neri , Chunchong Ni , Aristeidis Noutsos , Michael A. Nowak , Hiroki Okino , Hector Olivares , Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon , Tomoaki Oyama , Daniel C. Palumbo , Jongho Park , Nimesh A. Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Pietu , Richard L. Plambeck , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Felix Potzl , Jorge A. Preciado-López , Hung-Yi Pu , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark Rawlings , Alexander W. Raymond , Luciano Rezzolla , Bart Ripperda , Freek Roelofs , Alan E. E. Rogers , Eduardo Ros , Mel Rose , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi Rygl , Salvador Sanchez , David Sanchez-Arguelles , Mahito Sasada , Tuomas Savolainen , F Peter Schloerb , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhi-Qiang Shen , Des Small , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , He Sun , Fumie Tazaki , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Paul Tiede , Remo Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , E. Traianou , Tyler Trent , Sascha Trippe , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John F. Wardle , Jonathan Weintroub , Norbert Wex , Robert Wharton , Kaj Wiik , Qingwen Wu , DooSoo Yoon , Andre Young , Ken H. Young , Ziri Younsi , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , J. Anton Zensus , Guang-Yao Zhao , Shan-Shan Zhao

We show how Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the supermassive object at the center of M87 can constrain deviations from General Relativity (GR) in a relatively model-independent way. We focus on the class of theories whose…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-26 Markus Rummel , C. P. Burgess

The rapid TeV $\gamma-$ray variability detected in the well-known nearby radio galaxy M87 implies an extremely compact emission region (5-10 Schwarzschild radii) near the horizon of the supermassive black hole in the galactic center. TeV…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jian-Min Wang , Yan-Rong Li , Jain-Cheng Li , Shu Zhang

A high sensitivity, 7mm Very Long Baseline Array image of M\,87 was previously analyzed in order to estimate the bulk flow jet velocity between 0.4 and 0.65 mas from the point of origin using the asymmetry between the well-characterized…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-17 Brian Punsly , Sina Chen

Now that the mass of the central black hole in the galaxy M87 has been measured with great precision using different methods, the remaining parameter of the Kerr metric that needs to be estimated is the spin a*. We have modeled measurements…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-07 Rodrigo Nemmen

M87 provides the best opportunity to study the base of a jet where it is collimated and accelerated. The size of that region scales with the mass of the black hole, and M87 has the best combination of high mass, proximity to the Earth, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-03-14 R. Craig Walker , Chun Ly , William Junor , Phillip E. Hardee

Recently, the image of a Schwarzschild black hole with an accretion disk has been revisited, and it showed that the "photon ring", defined as highly bent light rays that intersect the disk plane more than twice, is extremely narrow and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-25 Qingyu Gan , Peng Wang , Houwen Wu , Haitang Yang

The nearby radio galaxy M87 offers a unique opportunity to explore the connections between the central supermassive black hole and relativistic jets. Previous studies of the inner region of M87 revealed a wide opening angle for the jet…