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Purpose: Electron density is the most important tissue property influencing photon and ion dose distributions in radiotherapy patients. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) enables the determination of electron density by combining the…
We integrate a small and portable medical x-ray device with mechanical testing equipment to enable in-situ, non-invasive measurements of a granular material's response to mechanical loading. We employ an orthopedic C-arm as the x-ray source…
In the past decades, Computed Tomography (CT) has established itself as one of the most important imaging techniques in medicine. Today, the applicability of CT is only limited by the deposited radiation dose, reduction of which manifests…
While medical images such as computed tomography (CT) are stored in DICOM format in hospital PACS, it is still quite routine in many countries to print a film as a transferable medium for the purposes of self-storage and secondary…
A realistic computer-simulation of a breast computed tomography (CT) system and subject is constructed. The model is used to investigate the optimal number of views for the scan given a fixed total X-ray fluence. The reconstruction…
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an increasing demand for portable CT machines worldwide in order to diagnose patients in a variety of settings. This has led to a need for CT image reconstruction algorithms that can produce high…
Computed Tomography is a powerful imaging technique that allows non-destructive visualization of the interior of physical objects in different scientific areas. In traditional reconstruction techniques the object of interest is mostly…
Computed Tomography (CT) takes X-ray measurements on the subjects to reconstruct tomographic images. As X-ray is radioactive, it is desirable to control the total amount of dose of X-ray for safety concerns. Therefore, we can only select a…
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers advantages over conventional fan-beam CT in that it requires a shorter time and less exposure to obtain images. CBCT has found a wide variety of applications in patient positioning for…
Reconstructing the full quantum state of a many-body system requires the estimation of a number of parameters that grows exponentially with system size. Nevertheless, there are situations in which one is only interested in a subset of these…
Computerized tomography (CT) has been used for decades by medical professionals to detect and diagnose injuries and ailments. CT scanners are based on interesting physics, but due to their bulk, cost, and safety, hands on experience with a…
We propose a new modeling approach for scatter estimation and descattering in polyenergetic X-ray computed tomography (CT) based on fitting models to local neighborhoods of a training set. X-ray CT is widely used in medical and industrial…
Quantitative differential phase contrast imaging of materials in atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy using segmented detectors is limited by various factors, including coherent and incoherent aberrations, detector…
Medical imaging quantitative features had once disputable usefulness in clinical studies. Nowadays, advancements in analysis techniques, for instance through machine learning, have enabled quantitative features to be progressively useful in…
The MARS scanner is designed for the x-ray spectroscopic study of samples with the aid of computer tomography methods. Computer tomography allows the reconstruction of slices of an investigated sample using a set of shadow projections…
Computer simulation models are widely used to study complex physical systems. A related fundamental topic is the inverse problem, also called calibration, which aims at learning about the values of parameters in the model based on…
Geometric calibration of cameras and projectors is an essential step that must be performed before any imaging system can be used. There are many well-known geometric calibration methods for calibrating systems comprised of multiple…
Computed tomography has propelled scientific advances in fields from biology to materials science. This technology allows for the elucidation of 3-dimensional internal structure by the attenuation of x-rays through an object at different…
Transformer-based detectors have shown success in computer vision tasks with natural images. These models, exemplified by the Deformable DETR, are optimized through complex engineering strategies tailored to the typical characteristics of…
Making good predictions of a physical system using a computer code requires the inputs to be carefully specified. Some of these inputs called control variables have to reproduce physical conditions whereas other inputs, called parameters,…