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Studies suggest that one in three US adults use the Internet to diagnose or learn about a health concern. However, such access to health information online could exacerbate the disparities in health information availability and use. Health…
There is a growing interest in using a longitudinal observational databases to detect drug safety signal. In this paper we present a novel method, which we used online during the OMOP Cup. We consider homogeneous ensembling, which is based…
Estimation of average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) is an important topic of causal inference in econometrics and statistics. This problem seems to be often treated as a simple modification or extension of that of estimating…
Comparative effectiveness evidence from randomized trials may not be directly generalizable to a target population of substantive interest when, as in most cases, trial participants are not randomly sampled from the target population.…
Many epidemiologic studies forgo probability sampling and turn to nonprobability volunteer-based samples because of cost, response burden, and invasiveness of biological samples. However, finite population inference is difficult to make…
Dual agent dose-finding trials study the effect of a combination of more than one agent, where the objective is to find the Maximum Tolerated Dose Combination (MTC), the combination of doses of the two agents that is associated with a…
In traditional dose-finding studies, dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) is determined within a fixed time observation window where DLT is often defined as a binary outcome. In the setting of oncology dose-finding trials, often patients in…
The extent to which ART (anti-retroviral therapy) reduces HIV transmission has received attention in recent years. Using data on the relationship between transmission and viral load we show that transmission saturates at high viral loads.…
The primary goal of randomized trials is to compare the effects of different interventions on some outcome of interest. In addition to the treatment assignment and outcome, data on baseline covariates, such as demographic characteristics or…
Immune interventions consisting in repeated injection are broadly used as they are thought to improve the quantity and the quality of the immune response. However, they also raised several questions that remains unanswered, in particular…
This study utilizes mathematical models to assess progress toward achieving the UNAIDS 90-90-90 and 95-95-95 targets aimed at managing and eradicating HIV/AIDS. It contrasts stochastic and deterministic models, focusing on their utility in…
South Africa has more people infected with HIV but, by providing access to anti-retroviral therapy (ART), has kept more people alive than any other country. The effectiveness, availability and affordability of potent anti-retroviral therapy…
Cluster or group randomized trials (CRTs) are increasingly used for both behavioral and system-level interventions, where entire clusters are randomly assigned to a study condition or intervention. Apart from the assigned cluster-level…
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from an infectious disease globally, with the highest burden in low- and middle-income countries. In these regions, limited healthcare access and high patient-to-provider ratios impede…
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection can involve all immune system components and can result in different disease outcomes. The antibiotic TB drugs require strict adherence to prevent both disease relapse and mutation of drug- and…
The paper considers a time-adaptive method for determination of drug efficacy in a parameter identification problem (PIP) for system of ordinary differential equations (ODE) which describe dynamics of the primary HIV infection. Optimization…
The development of potent drugs for the control of viraemia in people living with HIV means that infected people may live a normal, healthy life and offers the prospect of eliminating HIV transmission in the short term and HIV infection in…
Diabetic macular edema (DME) significantly contributes to visual impairment in diabetic patients. Treatment responses to intravitreal therapies vary, highlighting the need for patient stratification to predict therapeutic benefits and…
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been established as an effective tool for preventing HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, there is the possibility of PrEP usage leading to increased sexual partners and increased…
To combat the HIV/AIDS pandemic effectively, targeted interventions among certain key populations play a critical role. Examples of such key populations include sex workers, people who inject drugs, and men who have sex with men. While…