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Training AI models is challenging, particularly when crafting behavior instructions. Traditional methods rely on machines (supervised learning) or manual pattern discovery, which results in not interpretable models or time sink. While Large…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Soya Park , J. D. Zamfirescu-Pereira , Chinmay Kulkarni

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at complex visual tasks such as VQA and chart understanding, yet recent work suggests they struggle with simple perceptual tests. We present an evaluation of vision-language models' capacity for nonlocal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shmuel Berman , Jia Deng

To explore a more scalable path for adding multimodal capabilities to existing LLMs, this paper addresses a fundamental question: Can a unimodal LLM, relying solely on text, reason about its own informational needs and provide effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Sazia Tabasum Mim , Jack Morris , Manish Dhakal , Yanming Xiu , Maria Gorlatova , Yi Ding

Commonsense reasoning often requires both textual and visual knowledge, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) trained solely on text lack visual grounding (e.g., "what color is an emperor penguin's belly?"). Visual Language Models (VLMs) perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Guy Yariv , Idan Schwartz , Yossi Adi , Sagie Benaim

Vision-language models (VLMs) integrate visual and textual information, enabling a wide range of applications such as image captioning and visual question answering, making them crucial for modern AI systems. However, their high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Gaurav Shinde , Anuradha Ravi , Emon Dey , Shadman Sakib , Milind Rampure , Nirmalya Roy

Vision-language models are integral to computer vision research, yet many high-performing models remain closed-source, obscuring their data, design and training recipe. The research community has responded by using distillation from…

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) on robot teleoperation data to create vision-language-action (VLA) models is a promising paradigm for training generalist policies, but it suffers from a fundamental tradeoff: learning to produce…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Asher J. Hancock , Xindi Wu , Lihan Zha , Olga Russakovsky , Anirudha Majumdar

Vision language models (VLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across a variety of tasks, from logical reasoning to visual understanding. This opens the door to richer interaction with the world, for example robotic control. However, VLMs…

Medical vision-language models (VLMs) show strong performance on radiology tasks but often produce fluent yet weakly grounded conclusions due to over-reliance on a dominant modality. We introduce a context-aligned reasoning framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Sumra Khan , Sagar Chhabriya , Aizan Zafar , Sheeraz Arif , Amgad Muneer , Anas Zafar , Shaina Raza , Rizwan Qureshi

In-context learning (ICL) allows large models to adapt to tasks using a few examples, yet its extension to vision-language models (VLMs) remains fragile. Our analysis reveals that the fundamental limitation lies in an inductive gap, models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Haoyu Wang , Haonan Wang , Yuyan Chen , Jun Chen , Gang Liu , Qian Wang , Jiahong Yan , Yanghua Xiao

Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) as reasoning modules that can deconstruct complex tasks into more manageable sub-tasks, particularly when applied to visual reasoning tasks for images. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ahmad Mahmood , Ashmal Vayani , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown promising performance in vision-language understanding and reasoning tasks. However, their visual understanding behaviors remain underexplored. A fundamental question arises: to what extent do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Xiaoying Xing , Chia-Wen Kuo , Li Fuxin , Yulei Niu , Fan Chen , Ming Li , Ying Wu , Longyin Wen , Sijie Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced recommendation capabilities through enhanced reasoning, but pose significant challenges for real-world deployment due to high inference costs. Conversely, while Small Language Models (SLMs) offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Prosenjit Biswas , Pervez Shaik , Abhinav Thorat , Ravi Kolla , Niranjan Pedanekar

Training a Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) from scratch, like GPT-4, is resource-intensive. Regarding Large Language Models (LLMs) as the core processor for multimodal information, our paper introduces LMEye, a human-like eye with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Yunxin Li , Baotian Hu , Xinyu Chen , Lin Ma , Yong Xu , Min Zhang

A reliable driving assistant should provide consistent responses based on temporally grounded reasoning derived from observed information. In this work, we investigate whether Vision-Language Models (VLMs), when applied as driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Chun-Peng Chang , Chen-Yu Wang , Holger Caesar , Alain Pagani

Cross-modal entity linking refers to the ability to align entities and their attributes across different modalities. While cross-modal entity linking is a fundamental skill needed for real-world applications such as multimodal code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Iñigo Alonso , Gorka Azkune , Ander Salaberria , Jeremy Barnes , Oier Lopez de Lacalle

Active learning aims to reduce annotation cost by selectively querying informative samples for supervision under a limited labeling budget. In this work, we investigate how vision-language models (VLMs) can be leveraged to further reduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Phuong Ngoc Nguyen , Kaito Shiku , Ryoma Bise , Seiichi Uchida , Shinnosuke Matsuo

Puzzles have long served as compact and revealing probes of human cognition, isolating abstraction, rule discovery, and systematic reasoning with minimal reliance on prior knowledge. Leveraging these properties, visual puzzles have recently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Maria Lymperaiou , Vasileios Karampinis , Giorgos Filandrianos , Angelos Vlachos , Chrysoula Zerva , Athanasios Voulodimos

When answering questions about images, humans naturally point, label, and draw to explain their reasoning. In contrast, modern vision-language models (VLMs) such as Gemini-3-Pro and GPT-5 only respond with text, which can be difficult for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Brandon Collins , Logan Bolton , Hung Huy Nguyen , Mohammad Reza Taesiri , Trung Bui , Anh Totti Nguyen

Information Visualization has been utilized to gain insights from complex data. In recent times, Large Language Models (LLMs) have performed very well in many tasks. In this paper, we showcase the capabilities of different popular LLMs to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Saadiq Rauf Khan , Vinit Chandak , Sougata Mukherjea